Tag: Business & Finance

[Solved] PIQ Assi

✓ Verified Academic Solution Available

Executive Solution Overview

– ## PIQ-Assi.docx **## PIQ-Assi.docx** Week 3: Group Assignment #3 – Project Charter Measurement Phase **Purpose of Activity:** This assignment focuses on the "Measure" phase of your Quality Improvement Initiative Charter, where you will develop a data collection plan and identify key performance i…

Instant Solution Download
$6.99

Immediate access to the full model answer, formatted citations, and rubric breakdown.

Need a Fresh Custom Paper?

Have this question answered from scratch according to your specific instructions and deadline.
Order on TutorsGallery →

Assignment Prompt & Instructions

– ## PIQ-Assi.docx

**## PIQ-Assi.docx**

Week 3: Group Assignment #3 – Project Charter Measurement Phase

**Purpose of Activity:**

This assignment focuses on the "Measure" phase of your Quality Improvement Initiative Charter, where you will develop a data collection plan and identify key performance indicators (KPIs) to assess the success of your project. By completing this assignment, you will enhance your ability to plan systematic data collection and establish meaningful metrics aligned with project goals.

**Steps to Complete Activity:**

1. Meet with your group to reflect on your project's problem statement and objectives to ensure alignment with the data you plan to collect and the metrics you establish.

2.
**Develop a Data Collection Plan by specifying:**

· Methods of data collection (e.g., surveys, observations, electronic records).

· Tools or resources needed for data collection.

· Frequency of data collection.

· Individuals or teams responsible for collecting and managing the data.

3.
**Identify Metrics:**

· Define 2-4 Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) that will measure the success of your project.

· Explain how each KPI aligns with your project objectives.

· Provide the rationale for choosing these metrics and describe how they will be used to track progress.

4. Use process mapping technique
**s** to visualize current workflows.

5. Develop a measurement plan outlining:

· Data collection methods

· Tools (e.g., run charts, SPC charts)

· Frequency of data collection

· Short summary report explaining your approach.

**Submission Details: Length**: 1–3 pages, double spaced

Week 4: Group Assignment#4 – Project Charter Analysis and Improve Phase

**Purpose of Activity:**

The purpose of this assignment is to apply analytical tools to identify the root causes of a healthcare quality issue, propose data-driven solutions to address these causes, and develop a structured implementation plan for your proposed solutions. This exercise will help you develop critical thinking, collaborative problem-solving skills, and the ability to connect root causes to actionable improvements in real-world healthcare settings. By completing this assignment, you will ensure that the solutions you propose are practical, achievable, and aligned with quality improvement principles.

**Steps to Complete Activity:**

1.
**Select and Apply Root Cause Analysis Tools:** As a group, choose an analytical tool to identify the root causes of a healthcare quality issue.

· You may use one of the following tools:

·
**Fishbone Diagram (Ishikawa Diagram)**

·
**Root Cause Analysis (RCA)**

·
**Process Mapping**

· Ensure that the tool you select is well-suited for the healthcare quality issue you're addressing.

· Use the selected tool to identify the key root causes of the problem.

2.
**Conduct the Root Cause Analysis:**

· Document the process of applying the chosen tool to your healthcare issue. Outline the steps taken and describe the outcomes of your analysis.

· Summarize the findings by clearly articulating the root causes of the quality issue. Be sure to highlight the key factors contributing to the issue.

3. Create a
**Root Cause Analysis Report**:

· Include
**visuals** such as a Fishbone Diagram, Process Map, or another relevant tool that helps illustrate the root cause analysis.

· Provide a summary
of the findings with a clear explanation of the identified root causes.

· Use data and insights from your analysis to support your findings.

4.
**Propose Evidence-Based Solutions:**

· Use the insights from your root cause analysis to propose data-driven solutions to address the identified issues.

· Ensure that tproposed solutions are specific, actionable, and aligned with established quality improvement principles (e.g., Lean, Six Sigma).

· The proposed solutions should address the root causes directly and focus on improving the quality of care while being feasible in a real-world healthcare setting.

5.
**Develop an Implementation Strategy:**

·
**Stakeholder Involvement:** Identify key stakeholders (e.g., healthcare providers, patients, administration) and describe how they will be involved in the implementation of your proposed solutions.

·
**Expected Outcomes:** Outline the expected outcomes of implementing your solutions, including improvements in patient care, efficiency, or other key metrics.

·
**Plan of Action:** Break down the implementation strategy into
**specific**,
**logical**, and
**sequential** steps. Each step should be designed to drive your solutions from concept to execution.

·
_Example: Step 1: Develop a training program for staff. Step 2: Pilot the new process in one department._

·
**Timeline:** Create a timeline that outlines the major steps of the implementation process. Include key
**milestones** and
**deadlines** for each stage of the plan.

·
**Responsibilities:** Clearly assign
**responsibilities** for each step of the implementation plan. Indicate who in your group, or which stakeholder, will be responsible for completing each task.

5.
_Example: Responsible Party: [Team Member A] will lead the staff training. [Team Member B] will oversee the pilot implementation._.

**Additional Technology:**

As part of this assignment, you will need to create a visual (e.g., Fishbone Diagram, Root Cause Analysis chart, or Process Map) to support your findings. Below are two user-friendly tools you can use, along with tutorials to guide you:

1.
**Canva (Free Online Tool):** Canva offers free templates you can customize to create clean, professional diagrams.

· Visit
[https://www.canva.comLinks to an external site.](https://www.canva.com/)

· Sign in or create a free account

· Search for terms like "Fishbone Diagram" or "Process Map"

· Choose a template, customize it, and download your diagram as an image or PDF to insert into your report

2.
**Microsoft PowerPoint**

· PowerPoint allows you to build your own diagram using shapes or SmartArt tools.

· Open PowerPoint and go to
**Insert > SmartArt**

· Choose
**Hierarchy** or
**Process** graphics depending on the diagram type

· You can also use
**Insert > Shapes** to create custom layouts

· Once complete, right-click to
**Save as Picture** and insert it into your Word report

**Submission Details: Length**: 1–3 pages, double spaced

Week 5: Group Assignment#5 – Project Charter Control Phase

**Purpose of Activity:**

The purpose of this assignment is to develop a sustainability plan and monitoring strategy to ensure that healthcare process improvements are maintained over time and evaluated effectively.

**Steps to Complete Activity:**

1. Meet with your team to propose strategies and monitoring methods

· Describe how the implemented improvement plan will be maintained over time.

2. Discuss potential barriers to sustainability and how they can be addressed.

· Outline a plan for tracking and evaluating progress regularly.

· Include specific metrics, data collection methods, and reporting frequency.

· Describe how monitoring results will be communicated to stakeholders and used to make adjustments if necessary.

3. One person from your group must submit the assignment by Sunday at 11:59pm ET.

· Be sure to include the name of your group and add the names of each group member.

**Submission Details: Length**: 1–3 pages, double spaced

Week 7: Assignment – Submit Final Project – Charter Paper

**Purpose of Activity:**

This final assignment integrates all prior coursework into a complete Quality Improvement Project Charter. You will synthesize your work, summarize your findings, and provide actionable recommendations. This comprehensive document and presentation serve as a demonstration of your understanding of quality improvement principles and your ability to apply them in a healthcare setting.

**Steps to Complete Activity:**

1. As a group, assemble all phases of DMAIC (all previous group assignments from weeks 3-7) into a single, cohesive document.

2. Add a conclusion and executive summary:

· Restate the project's goals, methodologies, findings, and anticipated impact.

· Highlight future actions or considerations to ensure continued success and address any remaining gaps.

3. Include an appendix, if applicable

· Include supporting visuals such as fishbone diagrams, process maps, data tables, or monitoring plans.

· Provide references or citations for any external sources used.

**Submission Details:**

·
**Length**: 8–10 pages (not including title page or references), double spaced.

·
**File Format**: Upload the document as a Word file.

Week 8: Assignment#8 Final Project – Charter Presentation

**Overview**

Congratulations on completing your Quality Improvement Project! This assignment marks the culmination of weeks of effort, collaboration, and application of critical quality improvement principles. Together, you’ve navigated the DMAIC process, explored Lean and Six Sigma methodologies, and developed innovative strategies to address real-world healthcare challenges.

For this final step, you will showcase your work by creating a narrated PowerPoint presentation and sharing it with your peers. Engaging with your classmates' presentations will provide an opportunity to exchange ideas, offer constructive feedback, and gain new perspectives on quality improvement in healthcare.

**Instructions**

1. Create a
**10- to 15-minute narrated PowerPoint presentation** summarizing your Quality Improvement Project Charter. Ensure your presentation includes the following:

· A brief introduction to the project and its significance.

· Key elements from each DMAIC phase (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control).

· Visuals (e.g., process maps, data charts, fishbone diagrams) to support your discussion.

· A concise conclusion summarizing goals, findings, and next steps.

2.
**Post Your Presentation:**

· Upload your narrated PowerPoint as a video or share a link to the file in the discussion board thread.

· Include a brief text summary (3–4 sentences) in your post to provide context for your presentation.

3.
**Engage with Your Peers:**

· Watch each groups' narrated PowerPoint presentation and provide thoughtful and constructive feedback. When providing feedback, address the following points:

· Were the proposed solutions practical and actionable?

· Did the presentation offer any innovative approaches or unique insights?

· What did you find most compelling or effective about the presentation?

· Are there any areas for improvement or additional considerations?

**Submission Details**

· One person from your group must post your group's narrated PowerPoint by Saturday at 11:59pm ET.

· Each student must watch each group's presentation and provide feedback. Each response must be a
**minimum of 200 words.** Responses to your peers are due by Sunday at

**## PIQ-Assi.docx**

Week 3: Group Assignment #3 – Project Charter Measurement Phase

**Purpose of Activity:**

This assignment focuses on the "Measure" phase of your Quality Improvement Initiative Charter, where you will develop a data collection plan and identify key performance indicators (KPIs) to assess the success of your project. By completing this assignment, you will enhance your ability to plan systematic data collection and establish meaningful metrics aligned with project goals.

**Steps to Complete Activity:**

1. Meet with your group to reflect on your project's problem statement and objectives to ensure alignment with the data you plan to collect and the metrics you establish.

2.
**Develop a Data Collection Plan by specifying:**

· Methods of data collection (e.g., surveys, observations, electronic records).

· Tools or resources needed for data collection.

· Frequency of data collection.

· Individuals or teams responsible for collecting and managing the data.

3.
**Identify Metrics:**

· Define 2-4 Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) that will measure the success of your project.

· Explain how each KPI aligns with your project objectives.

· Provide the rationale for choosing these metrics and describe how they will be used to track progress.

4. Use process mapping technique
**s** to visualize current workflows.

5. Develop a measurement plan outlining:

· Data collection methods

· Tools (e.g., run charts, SPC charts)

· Frequency of data collection

· Short summary report explaining your approach.

**Submission Details: Length**: 1–3 pages, double spaced

Week 4: Group Assignment#4 – Project Charter Analysis and Improve Phase

**Purpose of Activity:**

The purpose of this assignment is to apply analytical tools to identify the root causes of a healthcare quality issue, propose data-driven solutions to address these causes, and develop a structured implementation plan for your proposed solutions. This exercise will help you develop critical thinking, collaborative problem-solving skills, and the ability to connect root causes to actionable improvements in real-world healthcare settings. By completing this assignment, you will ensure that the solutions you propose are practical, achievable, and aligned with quality improvement principles.

**Steps to Complete Activity:**

1.
**Select and Apply Root Cause Analysis Tools:** As a group, choose an analytical tool to identify the root causes of a healthcare quality issue.

· You may use one of the following tools:

·
**Fishbone Diagram (Ishikawa Diagram)**

·
**Root Cause Analysis (RCA)**

·
**Process Mapping**

· Ensure that the tool you select is well-suited for the healthcare quality issue you're addressing.

· Use the selected tool to identify the key root causes of the problem.

2.
**Conduct the Root Cause Analysis:**

· Document the process of applying the chosen tool to your healthcare issue. Outline the steps taken and describe the outcomes of your analysis.

· Summarize the findings by clearly articulating the root causes of the quality issue. Be sure to highlight the key factors contributing to the issue.

3. Create a
**Root Cause Analysis Report**:

· Include
**visuals** such as a Fishbone Diagram, Process Map, or another relevant tool that helps illustrate the root cause analysis.

· Provide a summary
of the findings with a clear explanation of the identified root causes.

· Use data and insights from your analysis to support your findings.

4.
**Propose Evidence-Based Solutions:**

· Use the insights from your root cause analysis to propose data-driven solutions to address the identified issues.

· Ensure that tproposed solutions are specific, actionable, and aligned with established quality improvement principles (e.g., Lean, Six Sigma).

· The proposed solutions should address the root causes directly and focus on improving the quality of care while being feasible in a real-world healthcare setting.

5.
**Develop an Implementation Strategy:**

·
**Stakeholder Involvement:** Identify key stakeholders (e.g., healthcare providers, patients, administration) and describe how they will be involved in the implementation of your proposed solutions.

·
**Expected Outcomes:** Outline the expected outcomes of implementing your solutions, including improvements in patient care, efficiency, or other key metrics.

·
**Plan of Action:** Break down the implementation strategy into
**specific**,
**logical**, and
**sequential** steps. Each step should be designed to drive your solutions from concept to execution.

·
_Example: Step 1: Develop a training program for staff. Step 2: Pilot the new process in one department._

·
**Timeline:** Create a timeline that outlines the major steps of the implementation process. Include key
**milestones** and
**deadlines** for each stage of the plan.

·
**Responsibilities:** Clearly assign
**responsibilities** for each step of the implementation plan. Indicate who in your group, or which stakeholder, will be responsible for completing each task.

5.
_Example: Responsible Party: [Team Member A] will lead the staff training. [Team Member B] will oversee the pilot implementation._.

**Additional Technology:**

As part of this assignment, you will need to create a visual (e.g., Fishbone Diagram, Root Cause Analysis chart, or Process Map) to support your findings. Below are two user-friendly tools you can use, along with tutorials to guide you:

1.
**Canva (Free Online Tool):** Canva offers free templates you can customize to create clean, professional diagrams.

· Visit
[https://www.canva.comLinks to an external site.](https://www.canva.com/)

· Sign in or create a free account

· Search for terms like "Fishbone Diagram" or "Process Map"

· Choose a template, customize it, and download your diagram as an image or PDF to insert into your report

2.
**Microsoft PowerPoint**

· PowerPoint allows you to build your own diagram using shapes or SmartArt tools.

· Open PowerPoint and go to
**Insert > SmartArt**

· Choose
**Hierarchy** or
**Process** graphics depending on the diagram type

· You can also use
**Insert > Shapes** to create custom layouts

· Once complete, right-click to
**Save as Picture** and insert it into your Word report

**Submission Details: Length**: 1–3 pages, double spaced

Week 5: Group Assignment#5 – Project Charter Control Phase

**Purpose of Activity:**

The purpose of this assignment is to develop a sustainability plan and monitoring strategy to ensure that healthcare process improvements are maintained over time and evaluated effectively.

**Steps to Complete Activity:**

1. Meet with your team to propose strategies and monitoring methods

· Describe how the implemented improvement plan will be maintained over time.

2. Discuss potential barriers to sustainability and how they can be addressed.

· Outline a plan for tracking and evaluating progress regularly.

· Include specific metrics, data collection methods, and reporting frequency.

· Describe how monitoring results will be communicated to stakeholders and used to make adjustments if necessary.

3. One person from your group must submit the assignment by Sunday at 11:59pm ET.

· Be sure to include the name of your group and add the names of each group member.

**Submission Details: Length**: 1–3 pages, double spaced

Week 7: Assignment – Submit Final Project – Charter Paper

**Purpose of Activity:**

This final assignment integrates all prior coursework into a complete Quality Improvement Project Charter. You will synthesize your work, summarize your findings, and provide actionable recommendations. This comprehensive document and presentation serve as a demonstration of your understanding of quality improvement principles and your ability to apply them in a healthcare setting.

**Steps to Complete Activity:**

1. As a group, assemble all phases of DMAIC (all previous group assignments from weeks 3-7) into a single, cohesive document.

2. Add a conclusion and executive summary:

· Restate the project's goals, methodologies, findings, and anticipated impact.

· Highlight future actions or considerations to ensure continued success and address any remaining gaps.

3. Include an appendix, if applicable

· Include supporting visuals such as fishbone diagrams, process maps, data tables, or monitoring plans.

· Provide references or citations for any external sources used.

**Submission Details:**

·
**Length**: 8–10 pages (not including title page or references), double spaced.

·
**File Format**: Upload the document as a Word file.

Week 8: Assignment#8 Final Project – Charter Presentation

**Overview**

Congratulations on completing your Quality Improvement Project! This assignment marks the culmination of weeks of effort, collaboration, and application of critical quality improvement principles. Together, you’ve navigated the DMAIC process, explored Lean and Six Sigma methodologies, and developed innovative strategies to address real-world healthcare challenges.

For this final step, you will showcase your work by creating a narrated PowerPoint presentation and sharing it with your peers. Engaging with your classmates' presentations will provide an opportunity to exchange ideas, offer constructive feedback, and gain new perspectives on quality improvement in healthcare.

**Instructions**

1. Create a
**10- to 15-minute narrated PowerPoint presentation** summarizing your Quality Improvement Project Charter. Ensure your presentation includes the following:

· A brief introduction to the project and its significance.

· Key elements from each DMAIC phase (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control).

· Visuals (e.g., process maps, data charts, fishbone diagrams) to support your discussion.

· A concise conclusion summarizing goals, findings, and next steps.

2.
**Post Your Presentation:**

· Upload your narrated PowerPoint as a video or share a link to the file in the discussion board thread.

· Include a brief text summary (3–4 sentences) in your post to provide context for your presentation.

3.
**Engage with Your Peers:**

· Watch each groups' narrated PowerPoint presentation and provide thoughtful and constructive feedback. When providing feedback, address the following points:

· Were the proposed solutions practical and actionable?

· Did the presentation offer any innovative approaches or unique insights?

· What did you find most compelling or effective about the presentation?

· Are there any areas for improvement or additional considerations?

**Submission Details**

· One person from your group must post your group's narrated PowerPoint by Saturday at 11:59pm ET.

· Each student must watch each group's presentation and provide feedback. Each response must be a
**minimum of 200 words.** Responses to your peers are due by Sunday at

November 5, 2026
[Solved] HELPP

✓ Verified Academic Solution Available

Executive Solution Overview

– ## Week6CaseStudy2-3.docx **## Week6CaseStudy2-3.docx** **Week 6 Case Study 2** **“Coase Theorem”** **CASE STUDY PAPERS require that students think** **OUTSIDE the BOX.** **INSTRUCTIONS:** By utilizing the required readings as a base, compose a paper citing appropriate examples/principles from the…

Instant Solution Download
$6.99

Immediate access to the full model answer, formatted citations, and rubric breakdown.

Need a Fresh Custom Paper?

Have this question answered from scratch according to your specific instructions and deadline.
Order on TutorsGallery →

Assignment Prompt & Instructions

– ## Week6CaseStudy2-3.docx

**## Week6CaseStudy2-3.docx**

**Week 6 Case Study 2**

**“Coase Theorem”**

**CASE STUDY PAPERS require that students think**
**OUTSIDE the BOX.**

**INSTRUCTIONS:**

By utilizing the required readings as a base, compose a paper citing appropriate examples/principles from the texts and
**include a minimum of TWO (2) academic peer reviewed scholarly journal articles (citations) that bring depth and insight to the paper and at LEAST ONE (1) Bible verse quote.** The word count of the citations (cites) and the Bible quote do NOT count in the paper’s word count. The paper should focus directly on the posed deliverables. Scripture should be interwoven into the fabric of your paper.

**Citation and Reference of Peer Reviewed Journal Articles**

Peer reviewed (also called "scholarly" or "academic") journals are publications in which all the articles have been vetted by one or more experts to ensure that they conform to good practices of scholarship. Unlike most magazine articles, peer reviewed articles nearly always contain citations to back up the author's thesis. Please read the detailed definition flowing from the California Polytechnic State University.

Many of you have
**not** been taught how to cite/reference peer reviewed journal articles using the APA writing style. In order to understand how to cite/reference peer reviewed journal articles using the APA writing style, please note the following:

The RU Library has the APA Manual in print form:
[http://library.regent.edu/record=b1700245~S0](http://library.regent.edu/record=b1700245~S0)

The APA has an abbreviated free guide on their website:
[http://www.apastyle.org/](http://www.apastyle.org/)

Additionally, as for bearing down on citing/referencing correctly in APA, the
**_The Purdue Owl_**:
[https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/section/2/10/](https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/section/2/10/)  has really established itself as the dominant website for APA style citations/references and even has a good
_YouTube_ video on the basics of APA style
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pdAfIqRt60c&feature=youtu.be](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pdAfIqRt60c&feature=youtu.be)

Below is an example of a page taken from the Purdue Owl:

[https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/10/](https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/10/)

Moreover, the RU University Writing Center

[http://www.regent.edu/admin/stusrv/writingcenter/home.cfm](http://www.regent.edu/admin/stusrv/writingcenter/home.cfm)  has many kind instructors who love teaching citation/reference skills to Regent Students. Please use this learning resource, it is free.

Last, but not least; you may contact the RU Business Librarian:

Harold Henkel | Business & Leadership Librarian

Regent University Library | Mail Drop 119

1000 Regent University Drive

Virginia Beach, VA 23464

Tel: 757-352-4198 | Fax: 757-352-4167

[harohen@regent.edu](mailto:harohen@regent.edu)

Per Brother Henkel, peer reviewed articles may be easily found in the RU Library's business databases. On the advanced search screen, simply check the box for scholarly/peer reviewed articles, and the database will return only this type of article. For business research, he recommends starting off with
**_Business Source Complete and ABI Inform Complete_**.

**A Peer Reviewed Article Defined:**

The
**California Polytechnic State University**, Robert E. Kennedy Library defines a peer-reviewed article as follows:

A peer-reviewed article is published in a peer-reviewed journal only after it has been subjected to multiple critiques by scholars in that field. Peer-reviewed journals follow this procedure to make sure that published articles reflect solid scholarship and advance the state of knowledge in a discipline.

These articles present the best and most authoritative information that disciplines have to offer. Also, through the careful use of citations, a peer-reviewed article allows anyone who reads it to examine the foundation of the claims made in the article. Peer-reviewed articles lead to many articles in a chain of information.

Are scholarly and peer-reviewed articles the same thing?

Peer-reviewed and scholarly journals are related but not identical. Not all scholarly journals go through the peer-review process. However, one can assume that a peer-reviewed journal is scholarly.

How can I tell if an article is a peer-reviewed article?

First of all, make sure it is an ARTICLE (not a textbook). Not everything that appears in a peer-reviewed journal is an article. Peer-reviewed journals also contain items such as editorials and book reviews, and these are not subjected to the same level of critique.

The presence of several of the following traits often indicates that an article is peer-reviewed:

· A lot of citations: these may appear in-text, and/or as footnotes, endnotes, works cited, reference list, bibliography.

· An Abstract (brief description of the article)

· The organization of the article into discrete sections such as Methodology, Results, and Conclusion.

· Charts, tables, or graphs.

· Complex, formal language that is specific to the field.

· Notes indicating when article was submitted and when it was accepted.

**Please note the following Grading Guidelines for Case Study Papers:**

There are certain expectations that transcend the grading of a paper in this class. The syllabus states that students are to follow the APA Writing Style & Formatting Guidelines.

The papers are somewhat subjective; therefore, grade reduction usually results from the paper lacking one or more of the following:

**Did not include a separate Title Page = minus 3 points**

**Did not include a separate Reference Page = minus 3 points**

**Did not include one peer reviewed journal article citations = minus 3 points**

**Note: a Textbook, Wikipedia, Investopedia, etc. are NOT peer reviewed**

**Did not include a quoted and APA cited Bible Scripture (complete verse) = minus 10 points**

If you have technical problems with Canvas, please contact the Help Desk/IT department.  You may e-mail the Help Desk at:
[_helpdesk@regent.edu_](mailto:helpdesk@regent.edu) or call at (757) 226-4076.

**These APA additions, references, citations and quotes are NOT a part of the word count that should be** **at least 300 words.** In APA style,
**citations** are in-text references that point to a full citation in the reference list at the end of the paper.
**References** are the full entries for each source used in the paper, providing details for readers to locate the source.
**Quotes** are passages taken verbatim from a source, and in APA, they are cited with an in-text citation and, if the quote is 40 words or more, formatted as a block quote.

**Moreover, a paper exceeding 700 words will result in a grade reduction.**

Submit your assignment by clicking the title link. Simply click on the link, then type in your comments to the Professor if you have any, click on Browse and attach the Word Document with your assignment from your hard drive. Make sure to click Submit to send your assignment to your instructor.

Please copy/paste
the following URLs for information on Scholarly and Peer-Reviewed Articles

[What are Scholarly and Peer-Reviewed Articles?](https://owa.regent.edu/owa/redir.aspx?SURL=MiQMC2nVULvKGjN109AcbY0BLSNu1lE_ERYF3WjFHf8RqGcUzr_SCGgAdAB0AHAAcwA6AC8ALwB5AG8AdQB0AHUALgBiAGUALwBVAEQAQgBHAHoASwBYAG8ARgBpAHMA&URL=https%3a%2f%2fyoutu.be%2fUDBGzKXoFis)

[**https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UDBGzKXoFis&feature=youtu.be**](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UDBGzKXoFis&feature=youtu.be)

Finding Scholarly and Peer-Reviewed Articles

[**https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z3y_2wzCS0c&feature=youtu.be**](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z3y_2wzCS0c&feature=youtu.be)

**DELIVERABLES: “Coase Theorem”**

**Utilizing the RU Library resources and www;** research work by Dr. Ronald Coase (who won a Nobel Prize for his work) appertaining to what is known as the
**“Coase Theorem”**. Some economists see this theorem as a tautology, while others see it as powerfully insightful.

**Respond to the following questions. Please do not write a narrative. Your paper should concisely express salient points of interest for each question in the order denoted.**

1. Research and explain the Coase Theorem.

2. Discuss how practical it may be for two entities (individuals, corporations, etc.) to meet the criterion that Professor Coase outlines.

3. Describe a personal example of a time when you created, or were impacted by a positive or negative externality. Would Prof. Coase’s approach have helped in your case? If not, what other remedies might be available?

Note: if you are unable to come up with an example; let me provide some thoughts: e.g. exhaust emanating from a nearby (or even distant) car;

second hand smoke; or you save money by pouring your used motor oil in a sewer; or any aspect of the drug trade.

Your only limitation to the content of this paper is your imagination.

2 | Page

**## Week6CaseStudy2-3.docx**

**Week 6 Case Study 2**

**“Coase Theorem”**

**CASE STUDY PAPERS require that students think**
**OUTSIDE the BOX.**

**INSTRUCTIONS:**

By utilizing the required readings as a base, compose a paper citing appropriate examples/principles from the texts and
**include a minimum of TWO (2) academic peer reviewed scholarly journal articles (citations) that bring depth and insight to the paper and at LEAST ONE (1) Bible verse quote.** The word count of the citations (cites) and the Bible quote do NOT count in the paper’s word count. The paper should focus directly on the posed deliverables. Scripture should be interwoven into the fabric of your paper.

**Citation and Reference of Peer Reviewed Journal Articles**

Peer reviewed (also called "scholarly" or "academic") journals are publications in which all the articles have been vetted by one or more experts to ensure that they conform to good practices of scholarship. Unlike most magazine articles, peer reviewed articles nearly always contain citations to back up the author's thesis. Please read the detailed definition flowing from the California Polytechnic State University.

Many of you have
**not** been taught how to cite/reference peer reviewed journal articles using the APA writing style. In order to understand how to cite/reference peer reviewed journal articles using the APA writing style, please note the following:

The RU Library has the APA Manual in print form:
[http://library.regent.edu/record=b1700245~S0](http://library.regent.edu/record=b1700245~S0)

The APA has an abbreviated free guide on their website:
[http://www.apastyle.org/](http://www.apastyle.org/)

Additionally, as for bearing down on citing/referencing correctly in APA, the
**_The Purdue Owl_**:
[https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/section/2/10/](https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/section/2/10/)  has really established itself as the dominant website for APA style citations/references and even has a good
_YouTube_ video on the basics of APA style
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pdAfIqRt60c&feature=youtu.be](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pdAfIqRt60c&feature=youtu.be)

Below is an example of a page taken from the Purdue Owl:

[https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/10/](https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/10/)

Moreover, the RU University Writing Center

[http://www.regent.edu/admin/stusrv/writingcenter/home.cfm](http://www.regent.edu/admin/stusrv/writingcenter/home.cfm)  has many kind instructors who love teaching citation/reference skills to Regent Students. Please use this learning resource, it is free.

Last, but not least; you may contact the RU Business Librarian:

Harold Henkel | Business & Leadership Librarian

Regent University Library | Mail Drop 119

1000 Regent University Drive

Virginia Beach, VA 23464

Tel: 757-352-4198 | Fax: 757-352-4167

[harohen@regent.edu](mailto:harohen@regent.edu)

Per Brother Henkel, peer reviewed articles may be easily found in the RU Library's business databases. On the advanced search screen, simply check the box for scholarly/peer reviewed articles, and the database will return only this type of article. For business research, he recommends starting off with
**_Business Source Complete and ABI Inform Complete_**.

**A Peer Reviewed Article Defined:**

The
**California Polytechnic State University**, Robert E. Kennedy Library defines a peer-reviewed article as follows:

A peer-reviewed article is published in a peer-reviewed journal only after it has been subjected to multiple critiques by scholars in that field. Peer-reviewed journals follow this procedure to make sure that published articles reflect solid scholarship and advance the state of knowledge in a discipline.

These articles present the best and most authoritative information that disciplines have to offer. Also, through the careful use of citations, a peer-reviewed article allows anyone who reads it to examine the foundation of the claims made in the article. Peer-reviewed articles lead to many articles in a chain of information.

Are scholarly and peer-reviewed articles the same thing?

Peer-reviewed and scholarly journals are related but not identical. Not all scholarly journals go through the peer-review process. However, one can assume that a peer-reviewed journal is scholarly.

How can I tell if an article is a peer-reviewed article?

First of all, make sure it is an ARTICLE (not a textbook). Not everything that appears in a peer-reviewed journal is an article. Peer-reviewed journals also contain items such as editorials and book reviews, and these are not subjected to the same level of critique.

The presence of several of the following traits often indicates that an article is peer-reviewed:

· A lot of citations: these may appear in-text, and/or as footnotes, endnotes, works cited, reference list, bibliography.

· An Abstract (brief description of the article)

· The organization of the article into discrete sections such as Methodology, Results, and Conclusion.

· Charts, tables, or graphs.

· Complex, formal language that is specific to the field.

· Notes indicating when article was submitted and when it was accepted.

**Please note the following Grading Guidelines for Case Study Papers:**

There are certain expectations that transcend the grading of a paper in this class. The syllabus states that students are to follow the APA Writing Style & Formatting Guidelines.

The papers are somewhat subjective; therefore, grade reduction usually results from the paper lacking one or more of the following:

**Did not include a separate Title Page = minus 3 points**

**Did not include a separate Reference Page = minus 3 points**

**Did not include one peer reviewed journal article citations = minus 3 points**

**Note: a Textbook, Wikipedia, Investopedia, etc. are NOT peer reviewed**

**Did not include a quoted and APA cited Bible Scripture (complete verse) = minus 10 points**

If you have technical problems with Canvas, please contact the Help Desk/IT department.  You may e-mail the Help Desk at:
[_helpdesk@regent.edu_](mailto:helpdesk@regent.edu) or call at (757) 226-4076.

**These APA additions, references, citations and quotes are NOT a part of the word count that should be** **at least 300 words.** In APA style,
**citations** are in-text references that point to a full citation in the reference list at the end of the paper.
**References** are the full entries for each source used in the paper, providing details for readers to locate the source.
**Quotes** are passages taken verbatim from a source, and in APA, they are cited with an in-text citation and, if the quote is 40 words or more, formatted as a block quote.

**Moreover, a paper exceeding 700 words will result in a grade reduction.**

Submit your assignment by clicking the title link. Simply click on the link, then type in your comments to the Professor if you have any, click on Browse and attach the Word Document with your assignment from your hard drive. Make sure to click Submit to send your assignment to your instructor.

Please copy/paste
the following URLs for information on Scholarly and Peer-Reviewed Articles

[What are Scholarly and Peer-Reviewed Articles?](https://owa.regent.edu/owa/redir.aspx?SURL=MiQMC2nVULvKGjN109AcbY0BLSNu1lE_ERYF3WjFHf8RqGcUzr_SCGgAdAB0AHAAcwA6AC8ALwB5AG8AdQB0AHUALgBiAGUALwBVAEQAQgBHAHoASwBYAG8ARgBpAHMA&URL=https%3a%2f%2fyoutu.be%2fUDBGzKXoFis)

[**https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UDBGzKXoFis&feature=youtu.be**](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UDBGzKXoFis&feature=youtu.be)

Finding Scholarly and Peer-Reviewed Articles

[**https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z3y_2wzCS0c&feature=youtu.be**](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z3y_2wzCS0c&feature=youtu.be)

**DELIVERABLES: “Coase Theorem”**

**Utilizing the RU Library resources and www;** research work by Dr. Ronald Coase (who won a Nobel Prize for his work) appertaining to what is known as the
**“Coase Theorem”**. Some economists see this theorem as a tautology, while others see it as powerfully insightful.

**Respond to the following questions. Please do not write a narrative. Your paper should concisely express salient points of interest for each question in the order denoted.**

1. Research and explain the Coase Theorem.

2. Discuss how practical it may be for two entities (individuals, corporations, etc.) to meet the criterion that Professor Coase outlines.

3. Describe a personal example of a time when you created, or were impacted by a positive or negative externality. Would Prof. Coase’s approach have helped in your case? If not, what other remedies might be available?

Note: if you are unable to come up with an example; let me provide some thoughts: e.g. exhaust emanating from a nearby (or even distant) car;

second hand smoke; or you save money by pouring your used motor oil in a sewer; or any aspect of the drug trade.

Your only limitation to the content of this paper is your imagination.

2 | Page

November 5, 2026
[Solved] 008

✓ Verified Academic Solution Available

Executive Solution Overview

Are you in town for this event?

Instant Solution Download
$6.99

Immediate access to the full model answer, formatted citations, and rubric breakdown.

Need a Fresh Custom Paper?

Have this question answered from scratch according to your specific instructions and deadline.
Order on TutorsGallery →

Assignment Prompt & Instructions

Are you in town for this event?

November 5, 2026
[Solved] reply

✓ Verified Academic Solution Available

Executive Solution Overview

reply to this post. the reply instructions are attached as well. – ## DiscussionAssignmentInstructions2.docx – ## reply.pdf **## DiscussionAssignmentInstructions2.docx** BUSI 300 **Discussion Assignment Instructions** **Overview** The student will complete one (1) discussion in this course. The disc…

Instant Solution Download
$6.99

Immediate access to the full model answer, formatted citations, and rubric breakdown.

Need a Fresh Custom Paper?

Have this question answered from scratch according to your specific instructions and deadline.
Order on TutorsGallery →

Assignment Prompt & Instructions

reply to this post. the reply instructions are attached as well.

– ## DiscussionAssignmentInstructions2.docx

– ## reply.pdf

**## DiscussionAssignmentInstructions2.docx**

BUSI 300

**Discussion Assignment Instructions**

**Overview**

The student will complete one (1) discussion in this course. The discussion will include one (1) thread and one (1) reply.

**Instructions**

**For Discussion Thread: Communication Foundations, Communication Analysis, and Electronic Communication**, students will submit an original response to
**one** of the prompts in 250-350 words by 11:59 p.m. (ET) on Monday of the assigned Module: Week. The thread should be free from grammar or spelling errors and written using an essay format with an introduction, body, and conclusion. Students must support their assertions using two (2) approved sources. Approved sources include the course textbook (as listed on the course syllabus) and one (1) full-text, peer-reviewed/scholarly article published within the last five (5) years and found within Liberty’s online library database. A complete reference list, which does not contribute to the word amount, must be included at the end of the thread. Articles must contain a working URL directly linking to the full-text article within Liberty’s online library. Parenthetical or narrative in-text citations must be used to show how and where information from outside sources has been used in the thread. The most current APA formatting guidelines must be used to format in-text citations and the reference list.

**For Discussion Reply: Communication Foundations, Communication Analysis, and Electronic Communication**, students will submit an original reply of 200-300 words in response to one classmate who answered a different prompt/question by 11:59 p.m. (ET) on Monday of the assigned Module: Week. Students should promote further development of the topic using the 2-by-2 format. For the 2-by-2 format, while focusing on content, indicate two points of agreement or two things you liked about the post
and why, as well as two points of disagreement or two points the posting author could have included to strengthen their position
and why. The reply should be free from grammar or spelling errors and written using an essay format with an introduction, body, and conclusion. Sources are not required for the reply post.

**How to Avoid an Honor Code Violation**

· Submit your original work, created solely for this course. No previously submitted assignments are acceptable.

· According to the honor code, you may NOT use any artificial intelligence (AI) aids, paraphrasing software, past coursework, or coursework of others. If you have questions, don’t hesitate to email me. You can also read
_The Liberty Way_, which can be found within student affairs on Liberty’s website.

· Include all sources used on a reference page(s), properly formatted according to the most current APA formatting guidelines.

· Provide citations directly within your thread for all statements, ideas, and thoughts – paraphrased or directly quoted – from any outside source.

· Include a proper balance of information from outside sources and your analysis of the topic; outside sources should add credibility and support to your work, not make up the bulk of your thread.

**## reply.pdf**

Reply to Leilani Ross

Communication Analysis: Nonverbal Messages

Until the exponential growth of technology, humans have long interacted face-to-face which
allowed for communication with verbal and nonverbal cues. Communicative coherence, as ten
Brinke et al. (2020) refer to this concept, is still vital to know how to send and interpret verbal
and nonverbal messages. Since nonverbal messages are constantly being sent and they can
convey the majority of a message’s meaning, it is essential in business communication to be
attentive to nonverbal cues of those interacted with whether it be an employee, supervisor,
client, co-worker, or even the delivery person (Lehman et al., 2024). Both the sender and
receive should be aware of nonverbal cues as it can increase the richness of interactions or
alternatively, cause offense.

Nonverbal messages are conveyed in different ways, but it is always important for all parties to
pay attention to those messages. Nonverbal cues can indicate truthfulness or manipulation,
which can help make decisions such as whether an interviewee is prepared and well-fit for the
job so should be hired or if a supervisor is being truthful about passing along feedback to their
supervisor (ten Brink and Weisbuch, 2020). Similarly, from the other perspective, an
interviewee can gauge if there is true interest in their skills and experience or the supervisor can
tell if an employee is truly giving feedback because they see it benefitting the organizational
culture versus the employee disguising the “feedback” as a personal complaint. These
situations include metacommunication and visual and vocal kinesic communications, a
combination of underlying messages not expressed with words, body language, attire, and
intonation (Lehman et al., 2024).

Interestingly, ten Brinke et al. (2020) also note that comprehension of a message improves
when the communicator is seen-their head movements, eye movements, and coordinated hand
gestures contribute to comprehension. On the other hand, it was noted that body language or
hand motions that did not match up with words being said (saying “cut” while making a pulling
gesture) caused a loss of comprehension. In business, comprehension is essential since it can
lead to goal achievement.

Not only are important decisions and goal achievement affected by nonverbal cues, but respect
can also be shown which can be critical in intercultural communications (Stoian, 2020). Good
business communication includes being aware of proxemics, territoriality, personal space, time,
and haptics to build positive relationships and send clear nonverbal messages. For example, if
interacting with an Italian businessman, emotional expression would likely build a connection
whereas in the German culture, it might be offensive and off-putting, leading to potentially losing
business. (Stoian, 2020). If a meeting does not start on time or runs long, it might not affect
someone from Hawaii but someone from Switzerland could be highly offended. Haptic
communication, physical touch, should be limited if interacting with a Japanese client, but a
client from Latin America might feel a lack of connection without being greeted with a friendly
handshake or maybe even a hug.

[https://canvas.liberty.edu/courses/803850/users/553811](https://canvas.liberty.edu/courses/803850/users/553811)

Business communication should strive for clear and concise messages that can be
comprehended, and nonverbal cues play just as much of an important role as verbal cues in
successful communication.

References

Lehman, C.M., DuFrene, D.D, & Walker, R. (2024). BCOM (11th Ed.). Cengage Learning, Inc.

Stoian, C. (2020). Nonverbal messages across cultures: Introducing nonverbal communication
to university students. Technium Social Sciences Journal, 10, 39–49.
https://doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v10i1.1190

Links to an external site.

ten Brinke, L., & Weisbuch, M. (2020). How verbal-nonverbal consistency shapes the truth.
Journal of Experimental Social Psychology., 89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2020.103978

Links to an external site.

[https://doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v10i1.1190](https://doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v10i1.1190)

[https://doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v10i1.1190](https://doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v10i1.1190)

[https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2020.103978](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2020.103978)

[https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2020.103978](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2020.103978)

**## reply.pdf**

Reply to Leilani Ross

Communication Analysis: Nonverbal Messages

Until the exponential growth of technology, humans have long interacted face-to-face which
allowed for communication with verbal and nonverbal cues. Communicative coherence, as ten
Brinke et al. (2020) refer to this concept, is still vital to know how to send and interpret verbal
and nonverbal messages. Since nonverbal messages are constantly being sent and they can
convey the majority of a message’s meaning, it is essential in business communication to be
attentive to nonverbal cues of those interacted with whether it be an employee, supervisor,
client, co-worker, or even the delivery person (Lehman et al., 2024). Both the sender and
receive should be aware of nonverbal cues as it can increase the richness of interactions or
alternatively, cause offense.

Nonverbal messages are conveyed in different ways, but it is always important for all parties to
pay attention to those messages. Nonverbal cues can indicate truthfulness or manipulation,
which can help make decisions such as whether an interviewee is prepared and well-fit for the
job so should be hired or if a supervisor is being truthful about passing along feedback to their
supervisor (ten Brink and Weisbuch, 2020). Similarly, from the other perspective, an
interviewee can gauge if there is true interest in their skills and experience or the supervisor can
tell if an employee is truly giving feedback because they see it benefitting the organizational
culture versus the employee disguising the “feedback” as a personal complaint. These
situations include metacommunication and visual and vocal kinesic communications, a
combination of underlying messages not expressed with words, body language, attire, and
intonation (Lehman et al., 2024).

Interestingly, ten Brinke et al. (2020) also note that comprehension of a message improves
when the communicator is seen-their head movements, eye movements, and coordinated hand
gestures contribute to comprehension. On the other hand, it was noted that body language or
hand motions that did not match up with words being said (saying “cut” while making a pulling
gesture) caused a loss of comprehension. In business, comprehension is essential since it can
lead to goal achievement.

Not only are important decisions and goal achievement affected by nonverbal cues, but respect
can also be shown which can be critical in intercultural communications (Stoian, 2020). Good
business communication includes being aware of proxemics, territoriality, personal space, time,
and haptics to build positive relationships and send clear nonverbal messages. For example, if
interacting with an Italian businessman, emotional expression would likely build a connection
whereas in the German culture, it might be offensive and off-putting, leading to potentially losing
business. (Stoian, 2020). If a meeting does not start on time or runs long, it might not affect
someone from Hawaii but someone from Switzerland could be highly offended. Haptic
communication, physical touch, should be limited if interacting with a Japanese client, but a
client from Latin America might feel a lack of connection without being greeted with a friendly
handshake or maybe even a hug.

[https://canvas.liberty.edu/courses/803850/users/553811](https://canvas.liberty.edu/courses/803850/users/553811)

Business communication should strive for clear and concise messages that can be
comprehended, and nonverbal cues play just as much of an important role as verbal cues in
successful communication.

References

Lehman, C.M., DuFrene, D.D, & Walker, R. (2024). BCOM (11th Ed.). Cengage Learning, Inc.

Stoian, C. (2020). Nonverbal messages across cultures: Introducing nonverbal communication
to university students. Technium Social Sciences Journal, 10, 39–49.
https://doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v10i1.1190

Links to an external site.

ten Brinke, L., & Weisbuch, M. (2020). How verbal-nonverbal consistency shapes the truth.
Journal of Experimental Social Psychology., 89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2020.103978

Links to an external site.

[https://doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v10i1.1190](https://doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v10i1.1190)

[https://doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v10i1.1190](https://doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v10i1.1190)

[https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2020.103978](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2020.103978)

[https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2020.103978](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2020.103978)

**## DiscussionAssignmentInstructions2.docx**

BUSI 300

**Discussion Assignment Instructions**

**Overview**

The student will complete one (1) discussion in this course. The discussion will include one (1) thread and one (1) reply.

**Instructions**

**For Discussion Thread: Communication Foundations, Communication Analysis, and Electronic Communication**, students will submit an original response to
**one** of the prompts in 250-350 words by 11:59 p.m. (ET) on Monday of the assigned Module: Week. The thread should be free from grammar or spelling errors and written using an essay format with an introduction, body, and conclusion. Students must support their assertions using two (2) approved sources. Approved sources include the course textbook (as listed on the course syllabus) and one (1) full-text, peer-reviewed/scholarly article published within the last five (5) years and found within Liberty’s online library database. A complete reference list, which does not contribute to the word amount, must be included at the end of the thread. Articles must contain a working URL directly linking to the full-text article within Liberty’s online library. Parenthetical or narrative in-text citations must be used to show how and where information from outside sources has been used in the thread. The most current APA formatting guidelines must be used to format in-text citations and the reference list.

**For Discussion Reply: Communication Foundations, Communication Analysis, and Electronic Communication**, students will submit an original reply of 200-300 words in response to one classmate who answered a different prompt/question by 11:59 p.m. (ET) on Monday of the assigned Module: Week. Students should promote further development of the topic using the 2-by-2 format. For the 2-by-2 format, while focusing on content, indicate two points of agreement or two things you liked about the post
and why, as well as two points of disagreement or two points the posting author could have included to strengthen their position
and why. The reply should be free from grammar or spelling errors and written using an essay format with an introduction, body, and conclusion. Sources are not required for the reply post.

**How to Avoid an Honor Code Violation**

· Submit your original work, created solely for this course. No previously submitted assignments are acceptable.

· According to the honor code, you may NOT use any artificial intelligence (AI) aids, paraphrasing software, past coursework, or coursework of others. If you have questions, don’t hesitate to email me. You can also read
_The Liberty Way_, which can be found within student affairs on Liberty’s website.

· Include all sources used on a reference page(s), properly formatted according to the most current APA formatting guidelines.

· Provide citations directly within your thread for all statements, ideas, and thoughts – paraphrased or directly quoted – from any outside source.

· Include a proper balance of information from outside sources and your analysis of the topic; outside sources should add credibility and support to your work, not make up the bulk of your thread.

**## reply.pdf**

Reply to Leilani Ross

Communication Analysis: Nonverbal Messages

Until the exponential growth of technology, humans have long interacted face-to-face which
allowed for communication with verbal and nonverbal cues. Communicative coherence, as ten
Brinke et al. (2020) refer to this concept, is still vital to know how to send and interpret verbal
and nonverbal messages. Since nonverbal messages are constantly being sent and they can
convey the majority of a message’s meaning, it is essential in business communication to be
attentive to nonverbal cues of those interacted with whether it be an employee, supervisor,
client, co-worker, or even the delivery person (Lehman et al., 2024). Both the sender and
receive should be aware of nonverbal cues as it can increase the richness of interactions or
alternatively, cause offense.

Nonverbal messages are conveyed in different ways, but it is always important for all parties to
pay attention to those messages. Nonverbal cues can indicate truthfulness or manipulation,
which can help make decisions such as whether an interviewee is prepared and well-fit for the
job so should be hired or if a supervisor is being truthful about passing along feedback to their
supervisor (ten Brink and Weisbuch, 2020). Similarly, from the other perspective, an
interviewee can gauge if there is true interest in their skills and experience or the supervisor can
tell if an employee is truly giving feedback because they see it benefitting the organizational
culture versus the employee disguising the “feedback” as a personal complaint. These
situations include metacommunication and visual and vocal kinesic communications, a
combination of underlying messages not expressed with words, body language, attire, and
intonation (Lehman et al., 2024).

Interestingly, ten Brinke et al. (2020) also note that comprehension of a message improves
when the communicator is seen-their head movements, eye movements, and coordinated hand
gestures contribute to comprehension. On the other hand, it was noted that body language or
hand motions that did not match up with words being said (saying “cut” while making a pulling
gesture) caused a loss of comprehension. In business, comprehension is essential since it can
lead to goal achievement.

Not only are important decisions and goal achievement affected by nonverbal cues, but respect
can also be shown which can be critical in intercultural communications (Stoian, 2020). Good
business communication includes being aware of proxemics, territoriality, personal space, time,
and haptics to build positive relationships and send clear nonverbal messages. For example, if
interacting with an Italian businessman, emotional expression would likely build a connection
whereas in the German culture, it might be offensive and off-putting, leading to potentially losing
business. (Stoian, 2020). If a meeting does not start on time or runs long, it might not affect
someone from Hawaii but someone from Switzerland could be highly offended. Haptic
communication, physical touch, should be limited if interacting with a Japanese client, but a
client from Latin America might feel a lack of connection without being greeted with a friendly
handshake or maybe even a hug.

[https://canvas.liberty.edu/courses/803850/users/553811](https://canvas.liberty.edu/courses/803850/users/553811)

Business communication should strive for clear and concise messages that can be
comprehended, and nonverbal cues play just as much of an important role as verbal cues in
successful communication.

References

Lehman, C.M., DuFrene, D.D, & Walker, R. (2024). BCOM (11th Ed.). Cengage Learning, Inc.

Stoian, C. (2020). Nonverbal messages across cultures: Introducing nonverbal communication
to university students. Technium Social Sciences Journal, 10, 39–49.
https://doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v10i1.1190

Links to an external site.

ten Brinke, L., & Weisbuch, M. (2020). How verbal-nonverbal consistency shapes the truth.
Journal of Experimental Social Psychology., 89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2020.103978

Links to an external site.

[https://doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v10i1.1190](https://doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v10i1.1190)

[https://doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v10i1.1190](https://doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v10i1.1190)

[https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2020.103978](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2020.103978)

[https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2020.103978](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2020.103978)

**## DiscussionAssignmentInstructions2.docx**

BUSI 300

**Discussion Assignment Instructions**

**Overview**

The student will complete one (1) discussion in this course. The discussion will include one (1) thread and one (1) reply.

**Instructions**

**For Discussion Thread: Communication Foundations, Communication Analysis, and Electronic Communication**, students will submit an original response to
**one** of the prompts in 250-350 words by 11:59 p.m. (ET) on Monday of the assigned Module: Week. The thread should be free from grammar or spelling errors and written using an essay format with an introduction, body, and conclusion. Students must support their assertions using two (2) approved sources. Approved sources include the course textbook (as listed on the course syllabus) and one (1) full-text, peer-reviewed/scholarly article published within the last five (5) years and found within Liberty’s online library database. A complete reference list, which does not contribute to the word amount, must be included at the end of the thread. Articles must contain a working URL directly linking to the full-text article within Liberty’s online library. Parenthetical or narrative in-text citations must be used to show how and where information from outside sources has been used in the thread. The most current APA formatting guidelines must be used to format in-text citations and the reference list.

**For Discussion Reply: Communication Foundations, Communication Analysis, and Electronic Communication**, students will submit an original reply of 200-300 words in response to one classmate who answered a different prompt/question by 11:59 p.m. (ET) on Monday of the assigned Module: Week. Students should promote further development of the topic using the 2-by-2 format. For the 2-by-2 format, while focusing on content, indicate two points of agreement or two things you liked about the post
and why, as well as two points of disagreement or two points the posting author could have included to strengthen their position
and why. The reply should be free from grammar or spelling errors and written using an essay format with an introduction, body, and conclusion. Sources are not required for the reply post.

**How to Avoid an Honor Code Violation**

· Submit your original work, created solely for this course. No previously submitted assignments are acceptable.

· According to the honor code, you may NOT use any artificial intelligence (AI) aids, paraphrasing software, past coursework, or coursework of others. If you have questions, don’t hesitate to email me. You can also read
_The Liberty Way_, which can be found within student affairs on Liberty’s website.

· Include all sources used on a reference page(s), properly formatted according to the most current APA formatting guidelines.

· Provide citations directly within your thread for all statements, ideas, and thoughts – paraphrased or directly quoted – from any outside source.

· Include a proper balance of information from outside sources and your analysis of the topic; outside sources should add credibility and support to your work, not make up the bulk of your thread.

**## reply.pdf**

Reply to Leilani Ross

Communication Analysis: Nonverbal Messages

Until the exponential growth of technology, humans have long interacted face-to-face which
allowed for communication with verbal and nonverbal cues. Communicative coherence, as ten
Brinke et al. (2020) refer to this concept, is still vital to know how to send and interpret verbal
and nonverbal messages. Since nonverbal messages are constantly being sent and they can
convey the majority of a message’s meaning, it is essential in business communication to be
attentive to nonverbal cues of those interacted with whether it be an employee, supervisor,
client, co-worker, or even the delivery person (Lehman et al., 2024). Both the sender and
receive should be aware of nonverbal cues as it can increase the richness of interactions or
alternatively, cause offense.

Nonverbal messages are conveyed in different ways, but it is always important for all parties to
pay attention to those messages. Nonverbal cues can indicate truthfulness or manipulation,
which can help make decisions such as whether an interviewee is prepared and well-fit for the
job so should be hired or if a supervisor is being truthful about passing along feedback to their
supervisor (ten Brink and Weisbuch, 2020). Similarly, from the other perspective, an
interviewee can gauge if there is true interest in their skills and experience or the supervisor can
tell if an employee is truly giving feedback because they see it benefitting the organizational
culture versus the employee disguising the “feedback” as a personal complaint. These
situations include metacommunication and visual and vocal kinesic communications, a
combination of underlying messages not expressed with words, body language, attire, and
intonation (Lehman et al., 2024).

Interestingly, ten Brinke et al. (2020) also note that comprehension of a message improves
when the communicator is seen-their head movements, eye movements, and coordinated hand
gestures contribute to comprehension. On the other hand, it was noted that body language or
hand motions that did not match up with words being said (saying “cut” while making a pulling
gesture) caused a loss of comprehension. In business, comprehension is essential since it can
lead to goal achievement.

Not only are important decisions and goal achievement affected by nonverbal cues, but respect
can also be shown which can be critical in intercultural communications (Stoian, 2020). Good
business communication includes being aware of proxemics, territoriality, personal space, time,
and haptics to build positive relationships and send clear nonverbal messages. For example, if
interacting with an Italian businessman, emotional expression would likely build a connection
whereas in the German culture, it might be offensive and off-putting, leading to potentially losing
business. (Stoian, 2020). If a meeting does not start on time or runs long, it might not affect
someone from Hawaii but someone from Switzerland could be highly offended. Haptic
communication, physical touch, should be limited if interacting with a Japanese client, but a
client from Latin America might feel a lack of connection without being greeted with a friendly
handshake or maybe even a hug.

[https://canvas.liberty.edu/courses/803850/users/553811](https://canvas.liberty.edu/courses/803850/users/553811)

Business communication should strive for clear and concise messages that can be
comprehended, and nonverbal cues play just as much of an important role as verbal cues in
successful communication.

References

Lehman, C.M., DuFrene, D.D, & Walker, R. (2024). BCOM (11th Ed.). Cengage Learning, Inc.

Stoian, C. (2020). Nonverbal messages across cultures: Introducing nonverbal communication
to university students. Technium Social Sciences Journal, 10, 39–49.
https://doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v10i1.1190

Links to an external site.

ten Brinke, L., & Weisbuch, M. (2020). How verbal-nonverbal consistency shapes the truth.
Journal of Experimental Social Psychology., 89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2020.103978

Links to an external site.

[https://doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v10i1.1190](https://doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v10i1.1190)

[https://doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v10i1.1190](https://doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v10i1.1190)

[https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2020.103978](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2020.103978)

[https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2020.103978](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2020.103978)

– 1
– 2

November 5, 2026
[Solved] PSQ-S

✓ Verified Academic Solution Available

Executive Solution Overview

– ## PIQS_SDiscussions.docx **## PIQS_SDiscussions.docx** PIQ#3Discusion 3 Note: followed two responses Your initial response must be a minimum of 300 words. Healthcare organizations use various Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) and Quality Metrics to measure performance. This activity allows you …

Instant Solution Download
$6.99

Immediate access to the full model answer, formatted citations, and rubric breakdown.

Need a Fresh Custom Paper?

Have this question answered from scratch according to your specific instructions and deadline.
Order on TutorsGallery →

Assignment Prompt & Instructions

– ## PIQS_SDiscussions.docx

**## PIQS_SDiscussions.docx**

PIQ#3Discusion 3

Note: followed two responses

Your initial response must be a minimum of 300 words.

Healthcare organizations use various Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) and Quality Metrics to measure performance. This activity allows you to practice researching and using data to inform quality improvement decisions. For this discussion board:

1. Select one healthcare quality metric from the list below:

·
**Hospital Readmission Rates**

·
**Patient Satisfaction Scores (HCAHPS)**

·
**Length of Stay (LOS)**

·
**Hospital-Acquired Infections (HAIs)**

2. Research a U.S.-based healthcare organization that publicly reports performance data on this metric (such as CMS Hospital Compare or Leapfrog Group).

3. Share a brief summary of how the organization performs on this metric and suggest one improvement strategy based on your readings.

4. Review and respond to at least
**two peers’ posts.** Provide thoughtful and constructive feedback by addressing the following points:

· Were their baseline metrics and key findings clearly presented?

· Did their analysis identify logical areas for improvement?

· Are there any additional insights or alternative interpretations you can offer?

PIQ#4Discusion 4

Note: followed two responses

Your initial response must be a minimum of 300 words.

Imagine you are a Quality Improvement Specialist at a hospital facing increased patient discharge times, leading to patient dissatisfaction and operational inefficiencies. Your role is to identify the underlying cause and propose a solution using appropriate process improvement models.

· Use the Root Cause Analysis (RCA) approach to identify potential reasons for the delayed discharges. Consider factors such as workflow inefficiencies, staff communication breakdowns, or administrative bottlenecks.

· Based on your RCA findings, provide one practical recommendation to address the root cause you identified.

· Choose a classmate’s response and propose a different process improvement model to approach the issue from a new perspective. Explain why your selected model might be beneficial in this situation.

PIQ#5Discusion 5

Note: followed two responses

Your initial response must be a minimum of 300 words.

Leadership and organizational culture play a pivotal role in the success of quality improvement initiatives.

1. Reflect on a healthcare leader (real or fictional) you admire who has successfully led a quality improvement initiative.

2. Identify one leadership style (e.g., transformational, transactional, servant) that influenced the success of the initiative.

3. Discuss one organizational culture trait (e.g., teamwork, transparency, accountability) that supported or hindered the quality improvement effort.

PIQ#6 Discussion 6

Note: followed two responses

Your initial response must be a minimum of 300 words.

Patient safety events (such as medication errors, falls, or hospital-acquired infections) are common challenges in healthcare. For this week's discussion:

1. Research a real-life case of a patient safety event in the U.S. healthcare system. Examples can be found through news outlets, hospital reports, or the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ).

· Be sure to provide a link and properly cite the source where you found your example.

2. Summarize the event and identify what went wrong.

3. Propose one evidence-based strategy to prevent that type of error in the future.

PIQ#7 Discussion 7

Note: followed two responses

Your initial response must be a minimum of 300 words

Healthcare organizations often face
**ethical dilemmas** during quality improvement initiatives. Common dilemmas include:

· Balancing cost reduction with patient safety

· Data privacy and protection

· Allocating limited resources

· Implementing new policies that may inconvenience staff

Select one ethical dilemma scenario above. Apply
**one ethical principle** (such as beneficence, nonmaleficence, autonomy, or justice) to propose a solution.

**## PIQS_SDiscussions.docx**

PIQ#3Discusion 3

Note: followed two responses

Your initial response must be a minimum of 300 words.

Healthcare organizations use various Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) and Quality Metrics to measure performance. This activity allows you to practice researching and using data to inform quality improvement decisions. For this discussion board:

1. Select one healthcare quality metric from the list below:

·
**Hospital Readmission Rates**

·
**Patient Satisfaction Scores (HCAHPS)**

·
**Length of Stay (LOS)**

·
**Hospital-Acquired Infections (HAIs)**

2. Research a U.S.-based healthcare organization that publicly reports performance data on this metric (such as CMS Hospital Compare or Leapfrog Group).

3. Share a brief summary of how the organization performs on this metric and suggest one improvement strategy based on your readings.

4. Review and respond to at least
**two peers’ posts.** Provide thoughtful and constructive feedback by addressing the following points:

· Were their baseline metrics and key findings clearly presented?

· Did their analysis identify logical areas for improvement?

· Are there any additional insights or alternative interpretations you can offer?

PIQ#4Discusion 4

Note: followed two responses

Your initial response must be a minimum of 300 words.

Imagine you are a Quality Improvement Specialist at a hospital facing increased patient discharge times, leading to patient dissatisfaction and operational inefficiencies. Your role is to identify the underlying cause and propose a solution using appropriate process improvement models.

· Use the Root Cause Analysis (RCA) approach to identify potential reasons for the delayed discharges. Consider factors such as workflow inefficiencies, staff communication breakdowns, or administrative bottlenecks.

· Based on your RCA findings, provide one practical recommendation to address the root cause you identified.

· Choose a classmate’s response and propose a different process improvement model to approach the issue from a new perspective. Explain why your selected model might be beneficial in this situation.

PIQ#5Discusion 5

Note: followed two responses

Your initial response must be a minimum of 300 words.

Leadership and organizational culture play a pivotal role in the success of quality improvement initiatives.

1. Reflect on a healthcare leader (real or fictional) you admire who has successfully led a quality improvement initiative.

2. Identify one leadership style (e.g., transformational, transactional, servant) that influenced the success of the initiative.

3. Discuss one organizational culture trait (e.g., teamwork, transparency, accountability) that supported or hindered the quality improvement effort.

PIQ#6 Discussion 6

Note: followed two responses

Your initial response must be a minimum of 300 words.

Patient safety events (such as medication errors, falls, or hospital-acquired infections) are common challenges in healthcare. For this week's discussion:

1. Research a real-life case of a patient safety event in the U.S. healthcare system. Examples can be found through news outlets, hospital reports, or the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ).

· Be sure to provide a link and properly cite the source where you found your example.

2. Summarize the event and identify what went wrong.

3. Propose one evidence-based strategy to prevent that type of error in the future.

PIQ#7 Discussion 7

Note: followed two responses

Your initial response must be a minimum of 300 words

Healthcare organizations often face
**ethical dilemmas** during quality improvement initiatives. Common dilemmas include:

· Balancing cost reduction with patient safety

· Data privacy and protection

· Allocating limited resources

· Implementing new policies that may inconvenience staff

Select one ethical dilemma scenario above. Apply
**one ethical principle** (such as beneficence, nonmaleficence, autonomy, or justice) to propose a solution.

November 5, 2026
[Solved] Expanding Your Literature Search

✓ Verified Academic Solution Available

Executive Solution Overview

Please answer all 11 questions ‘DUE Tomorrow Sunday by 6p EST – ## ExpandingYourLiteratureSearch.txt **## ExpandingYourLiteratureSearch.txt** Expanding Your Literature Search At this point, you have five articles. Now you need to double that number to have at least 10 articles for your literature re…

Instant Solution Download
$6.99

Immediate access to the full model answer, formatted citations, and rubric breakdown.

Need a Fresh Custom Paper?

Have this question answered from scratch according to your specific instructions and deadline.
Order on TutorsGallery →

Assignment Prompt & Instructions

Please answer all 11 questions
‘DUE Tomorrow Sunday by 6p EST

– ## ExpandingYourLiteratureSearch.txt

**## ExpandingYourLiteratureSearch.txt**

Expanding Your Literature Search

At this point, you have five articles. Now you need to double that number to have at least 10 articles for your literature review. What are some strategies to expand your literature search?
1. Reference list
a. Relevant articles will cite other articles that you should also read, so review it for articles that interest you.
2. Keywords identified in article
a. Some journals include relevant keywords for that article. If the journal does this, they are often found right under the abstract. Try those terms if you want to read more articles like that one.
3. Authors
a. If you find an especially interesting article, look up the author to see what else they have published. Check to see if they have a website: they often list their publications there.

• QUESTION 1
Look at the articles you already have and consider the ones that you found especially relevant. Review the reference list. Identify two articles in the reference list that you could locate:
Enter your response
• QUESTION 2
Look to see if any of the current articles you have list keywords. What are two new keywords, or keyword combinations, that you could use to search for more articles?
Enter your response
• QUESTION 3
Identify the author(s) of one of your articles and look them up. You can use Google to see if they have a website as well as search for their work in the literature databases. Who are you going to read up on?
Enter your response

Databases Part 1

Another thing to consider is the database you’re searching. Summon is the general database that pulls from all of Capella’s online databases. If you find more specific databases, that can increase the likelihood that you’ll find relevant articles.
Some useful databases for human services include:
– PsycArticles
– Psychology Database
– PsycINFO
– Sage Journals Online
– SocIndex with Full Text
– Sociology Database
The advantage of searching in certain databases is that the results are more likely to be relevant to your topic compared to what you may find in, say, the Education database. Using the general Summon databases will yield results from a variety of disciplines besides your own.
• QUESTION 4
Which databases will you use to search for articles? Try a new one if you haven’t searched it yet!
Enter your response

Databases Part 2

After you locate your additional articles, analyze them just like you did for assessment 3: first, individually, and then comparing/contrasting the findings for similarities and differences.
Hopefully, you feel like you have a deeper understanding of your topic with the new information. If not, consider: were these new articles relevant?
A couple of other things to remember about the literature searches:
• Limit your lit search to the last five years
• Make sure you select a research article, not something like a literature review, dissertation, or another document (Capella library guide: https://capellauniversity.libguides.com/c.php?g=197572&p=1302271)
• You can search multiple databases at once.
Resources:
• Human Services Doctoral (DHS) Program Library Guide (https://capellauniversity.libguides.com/hsdoc)
• Searching the Library for Articles (https://capellauniversity.libguides.com/hsdoc/basicsearch)
• How do I Know I’m Looking at It (research article)? (https://capellauniversity.libguides.com/c.php?g=197572&p=1302271)
• Searching Multiple Databases (https://capellauniversity.libguides.com/MultipleDatabases)

Incorporating Theory

Research refers to the systematic collection and analysis of data to answer a research question, such as testing a hypothesis. Theory refers to how things are: they are questions that have been tested repeatedly and have not been disproven. Both research studies and theories are written in scholarly articles, but theory tends to focus on the ideas, supported with previous research findings.
Theory is as crucial to doctoral-level professionals as research; it helps them make sense of all the findings. For example, let’s say you find multiple articles that indicate employees tend to think more highly of leaders who share their religious beliefs:
• Protestant Christian employees tend to view Protestant Christian leaders most favorably
• Roman Catholic employees tend to view Roman Catholic leaders most favorably
• Jewish American employees tend to view Jewish American leaders most favorably
• Muslim employees tend to view Muslim leaders most favorably
What theory could help us make sense of this? Tajfel (1974) theorized that people sometimes prefer others who are like them (in-group) over others who are different (out-group) as part of his theory on social identity. Social identity theory (Tajfel, 1974) helps make sense of the findings listed above.
When searching for scholarly theories, remember these things:
1. Scholarly theories are published in peer-reviewed journals and by academic publications. Self-help books are not appropriate sources for scholarly theories.
2. Theories have been tested repeatedly and not disproven. If you cannot find research on a theory, it is not a scholarly theory.
3. You should always read the primary sources for theories rather than rely on summaries from textbooks or other articles. It is appropriate to have older citations for theories.
The research findings and scholarly theories are the specialized knowledge that doctoral professionals use to inform their thinking. Some common theories used in social science include:
– Urie Bronfenbrenner’s (1992) ecological systems theory focuses on how the environment beyond the family can influence child development.
– Albert Bandura’s (1977) social learning theory posits that, not only do people learn from their environment, but they also influence their environment, hence influencing their own learning.
– Albert Bandura’s (1986) social cognitive theory focuses on how our thoughts and beliefs (cognitions) influence people.
– Tversky and Kahneman’s (1974) cognitive bias theory is about how people can systematically rely on flawed ideas/thinking patterns to solve problems.
– Lazarus and Folkman’s (1984) stress and coping theory defines stress as an imbalance between an internal or external stressor and perceived resources to manage the stressor.
• QUESTION 5
There are many theories out there to help make sense of research findings: just make sure it is a scholarly one! A relevant theory may be discussed in the introduction or discussion section of an article. You can also find them discussed in textbooks (especially for introductory-level courses) but do make sure to look up the primary source. Textbooks can be located in Capella’s ebook database in the library.
What is a theory that helps you make sense of the research findings for your paper?
Enter your response

APA Format

We’ve reviewed APA format for headings, but you want to make sure you are adhering to APA format for all your writing. We’ll review:
– In-text citation format
– Reference list format
-In-Text Citation Format
Single author
Only the last name of the author is included in an in-text citation: first and middle initials should only go in the reference list. The appropriate format for an in-text citation where the author is not referred to explicitly in the sentence is:
– Burnout is a significant predictor of attrition rates (Clarkson, 2021).
Both the author’s name and publication year are in parentheses, separated by a comma.
The appropriate format for an in-text citation where the author is referred to explicitly in the sentence is:
– Clarkson (2021) identified burnout as a significant predictor of attrition rates.
Since the author is referred to explicitly, the name is outside of parentheses and no comma is needed. A comma is only required if the author name is in the parentheses.
Multiple Authors for One Article
If there are more than two authors, you must refer to all of the authors the first time in the paper, and you can then switch to “et al.”
– Windmere, Louis, and Fletcher (2022) examined the relationship between leadership style and employee satisfaction. Employee satisfaction rates were highest for transformational leaders and lowest for authoritarian leaders (Windmere et al., 2022).
Note that there is no comma after Windmere in the parentheses: a comma is not needed to separate the first author from “et al.”

Multiple Articles in one set of parentheses

If one sentence is supported by multiple articles, you may choose to put all of the citations in one set of parentheses. The author and publication year are still separated by commas; the articles are separated by semicolons. The articles should be alphabetized based on the last name of the first author.
– The demographic characteristics of leaders influences how employees view them (Giles and Anderson, 2020; Jackson, 2022).
Question: Identify the correct in-text citation format:
Option A: Holly (2020), found that case managers with high caseloads were more likely to report feeling overwhelmed.
Formative Answer: This is incorrect: no comma is needed after (2020). A comma is only needed if the author name and publication year are both in parentheses.
Option B: Jones, et al (2019) demonstrated the relationship between repetition and skill acquisition.
Formative Answer: This is incorrect for two reasons: (1) no comma is needed after Jones to separate it from et al. and (2) “et al.” must always be followed by a period.
Option C: (Becker, 2021) asked leaders about their experiences starting their non-profit organizations.
Formative Answer: This is incorrect since the author, Becker, is referred to explicitly: Becker is the subject of the sentence. Therefore, the name should not be in parentheses.
Option D: Non-profit leaders struggled the most with financial management of their organizations (Smith, 2020).
Formative Answer: This is the correct answer: since the author is not referred to explicitly in the sentence, both the name and publication year are in parentheses and are separated by a comma.
Option E: Protecting tax-exempt status was a significant challenge for leaders whose organizations generated significant revenue (Thompson, 2020, Deane and Watson, 2022).
Formative Answer: This is incorrect for two reasons: (1) the two articles are not separated by a semicolon, and (2) they are not in alphabetical order (Deane and Watson should precede Thompson).
Reference: APA Format for in-text citation: https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/research_and_citation/apa_style/apa_formatting_and_style_guide/in_text_citations_author_authors.html
Reference List Format
To see the correct format for a reference list, review APA Academic Writer and copy that format exactly. It matters where you put periods, commas, and how you capitalize article titles vs journal names, so pay attention to the details!
• QUESTION 6
Correct the mistakes in the reference below:
Jackson, Amber T., Ricki, Gillian M., & Thompson, Jesse L. (2022) Leadership Style and Organizational Success, Human Services Organizational Journal, Vol. 22, Iss. 4, pp. 482 – 491.
Enter your response

Literature Review Organization

Once you have a list/table of your findings, it’s time to start thinking about writing the literature review. The stages of writing a literature review are:
1. Prewriting
2. Drafting
3. Peer Review (if possible)
4. Revising
5. Proofreading
Prewriting
Prewriting is when you think through the ideas that you want to write about. At this point, you’ve read the articles, analyzed them (individually), and synthesized them (thought about the articles as a group) to identify key points.
How are you going to organize those points? What is the overall point of your paper? This is what you determine in the prewriting stage. It is tempting to skip this step. DON’T DO IT.
Most writing problems are thinking problems, and this is the thinking part. If you start trying to write without a clear sense of the point of your paper and the supporting points, you will have a jumbled mess to revise.
Some things to consider in the prewriting stage are:
1. What is the main point of this paper?
2. What are the key points to elaborate on the main point?
3. What is a logical order for these points?
Identifying the Main Point
The main point of your paper (what can also be referred to as the “thesis” or “main argument”) is a combination of:
– Your topic
– Research findings
Let’s say you started out wanting to understand how cis female and transgender female leaders maintain their authority in work environments where the staff is predominantly cis male. That’s your topic.
The research might indicate:
– The experience is different for cis female and transgender females due to gender socialization differences and different reactions to their gender identities
1. Cis gender leaders deal with gender socialization that encourages maintaining relationships over establishing dominance
2. Transgender females are not accustomed to the sexism that cis females grow up experiencing
– Both groups experience frequent challenges to their authority
– Both groups develop strategies to establish authority while maintaining productive working relationships, but those strategies differ
So while you started out wanting to know how female leaders (whether cis female or transgender female) maintain authority among predominately male subordinates, you discovered that the experiences are unique based on whether they are cis female or transgender.
The main point or thesis now is: Female leaders, whether cis female or transgender female, face challenges to their authority from male subordinates, but the experiences are different for cis female leaders compared to transgender female leaders.
• QUESTION 7
Look at your notes from your articles. What is the main point?
Enter your response
• QUESTION 8
What are the key ideas in the story (add more if you need them)?
Enter your response
• QUESTION 9
Are any of the ideas not directly relevant to your topic (although they may be interesting)? Note them here. They could be useful things to read about another time!
Enter your response
• QUESTION 10
What is a logical order? Order the ideas in two different ways.
Enter your response

Formal Outline

Now that you have your ideas, put them into a formal outline with headings that you will use in the paper. Here’s the outline you need to use for this assessment:
I. Introduction
II. Literature Review
III. Theory
IV. Project Proposal
The literature review is the section that will need the most thought, since the headings/subheadings will vary for each of you, based on what you’re reading. For example, continuing with the above example, the lit review outline could be:
I. Introduction
II. Literature Review
a. Cis female and transgender female leaders experience challenges to authority
i. Gender socialization
ii. Reaction to sexism
b. Strategies to Establish Authority
i. Cis female gender strategies
ii. Transgender female strategies
c. Responses to Challenges of Authority
i. Cis female responses
ii. Transgender female responses
III. Theory
IV. Project Proposal
• QUESTION 11
Write an outline for your paper:
Enter your response

**## ExpandingYourLiteratureSearch.txt**

Expanding Your Literature Search

At this point, you have five articles. Now you need to double that number to have at least 10 articles for your literature review. What are some strategies to expand your literature search?
1. Reference list
a. Relevant articles will cite other articles that you should also read, so review it for articles that interest you.
2. Keywords identified in article
a. Some journals include relevant keywords for that article. If the journal does this, they are often found right under the abstract. Try those terms if you want to read more articles like that one.
3. Authors
a. If you find an especially interesting article, look up the author to see what else they have published. Check to see if they have a website: they often list their publications there.

• QUESTION 1
Look at the articles you already have and consider the ones that you found especially relevant. Review the reference list. Identify two articles in the reference list that you could locate:
Enter your response
• QUESTION 2
Look to see if any of the current articles you have list keywords. What are two new keywords, or keyword combinations, that you could use to search for more articles?
Enter your response
• QUESTION 3
Identify the author(s) of one of your articles and look them up. You can use Google to see if they have a website as well as search for their work in the literature databases. Who are you going to read up on?
Enter your response

Databases Part 1

Another thing to consider is the database you’re searching. Summon is the general database that pulls from all of Capella’s online databases. If you find more specific databases, that can increase the likelihood that you’ll find relevant articles.
Some useful databases for human services include:
– PsycArticles
– Psychology Database
– PsycINFO
– Sage Journals Online
– SocIndex with Full Text
– Sociology Database
The advantage of searching in certain databases is that the results are more likely to be relevant to your topic compared to what you may find in, say, the Education database. Using the general Summon databases will yield results from a variety of disciplines besides your own.
• QUESTION 4
Which databases will you use to search for articles? Try a new one if you haven’t searched it yet!
Enter your response

Databases Part 2

After you locate your additional articles, analyze them just like you did for assessment 3: first, individually, and then comparing/contrasting the findings for similarities and differences.
Hopefully, you feel like you have a deeper understanding of your topic with the new information. If not, consider: were these new articles relevant?
A couple of other things to remember about the literature searches:
• Limit your lit search to the last five years
• Make sure you select a research article, not something like a literature review, dissertation, or another document (Capella library guide: https://capellauniversity.libguides.com/c.php?g=197572&p=1302271)
• You can search multiple databases at once.
Resources:
• Human Services Doctoral (DHS) Program Library Guide (https://capellauniversity.libguides.com/hsdoc)
• Searching the Library for Articles (https://capellauniversity.libguides.com/hsdoc/basicsearch)
• How do I Know I’m Looking at It (research article)? (https://capellauniversity.libguides.com/c.php?g=197572&p=1302271)
• Searching Multiple Databases (https://capellauniversity.libguides.com/MultipleDatabases)

Incorporating Theory

Research refers to the systematic collection and analysis of data to answer a research question, such as testing a hypothesis. Theory refers to how things are: they are questions that have been tested repeatedly and have not been disproven. Both research studies and theories are written in scholarly articles, but theory tends to focus on the ideas, supported with previous research findings.
Theory is as crucial to doctoral-level professionals as research; it helps them make sense of all the findings. For example, let’s say you find multiple articles that indicate employees tend to think more highly of leaders who share their religious beliefs:
• Protestant Christian employees tend to view Protestant Christian leaders most favorably
• Roman Catholic employees tend to view Roman Catholic leaders most favorably
• Jewish American employees tend to view Jewish American leaders most favorably
• Muslim employees tend to view Muslim leaders most favorably
What theory could help us make sense of this? Tajfel (1974) theorized that people sometimes prefer others who are like them (in-group) over others who are different (out-group) as part of his theory on social identity. Social identity theory (Tajfel, 1974) helps make sense of the findings listed above.
When searching for scholarly theories, remember these things:
1. Scholarly theories are published in peer-reviewed journals and by academic publications. Self-help books are not appropriate sources for scholarly theories.
2. Theories have been tested repeatedly and not disproven. If you cannot find research on a theory, it is not a scholarly theory.
3. You should always read the primary sources for theories rather than rely on summaries from textbooks or other articles. It is appropriate to have older citations for theories.
The research findings and scholarly theories are the specialized knowledge that doctoral professionals use to inform their thinking. Some common theories used in social science include:
– Urie Bronfenbrenner’s (1992) ecological systems theory focuses on how the environment beyond the family can influence child development.
– Albert Bandura’s (1977) social learning theory posits that, not only do people learn from their environment, but they also influence their environment, hence influencing their own learning.
– Albert Bandura’s (1986) social cognitive theory focuses on how our thoughts and beliefs (cognitions) influence people.
– Tversky and Kahneman’s (1974) cognitive bias theory is about how people can systematically rely on flawed ideas/thinking patterns to solve problems.
– Lazarus and Folkman’s (1984) stress and coping theory defines stress as an imbalance between an internal or external stressor and perceived resources to manage the stressor.
• QUESTION 5
There are many theories out there to help make sense of research findings: just make sure it is a scholarly one! A relevant theory may be discussed in the introduction or discussion section of an article. You can also find them discussed in textbooks (especially for introductory-level courses) but do make sure to look up the primary source. Textbooks can be located in Capella’s ebook database in the library.
What is a theory that helps you make sense of the research findings for your paper?
Enter your response

APA Format

We’ve reviewed APA format for headings, but you want to make sure you are adhering to APA format for all your writing. We’ll review:
– In-text citation format
– Reference list format
-In-Text Citation Format
Single author
Only the last name of the author is included in an in-text citation: first and middle initials should only go in the reference list. The appropriate format for an in-text citation where the author is not referred to explicitly in the sentence is:
– Burnout is a significant predictor of attrition rates (Clarkson, 2021).
Both the author’s name and publication year are in parentheses, separated by a comma.
The appropriate format for an in-text citation where the author is referred to explicitly in the sentence is:
– Clarkson (2021) identified burnout as a significant predictor of attrition rates.
Since the author is referred to explicitly, the name is outside of parentheses and no comma is needed. A comma is only required if the author name is in the parentheses.
Multiple Authors for One Article
If there are more than two authors, you must refer to all of the authors the first time in the paper, and you can then switch to “et al.”
– Windmere, Louis, and Fletcher (2022) examined the relationship between leadership style and employee satisfaction. Employee satisfaction rates were highest for transformational leaders and lowest for authoritarian leaders (Windmere et al., 2022).
Note that there is no comma after Windmere in the parentheses: a comma is not needed to separate the first author from “et al.”

Multiple Articles in one set of parentheses

If one sentence is supported by multiple articles, you may choose to put all of the citations in one set of parentheses. The author and publication year are still separated by commas; the articles are separated by semicolons. The articles should be alphabetized based on the last name of the first author.
– The demographic characteristics of leaders influences how employees view them (Giles and Anderson, 2020; Jackson, 2022).
Question: Identify the correct in-text citation format:
Option A: Holly (2020), found that case managers with high caseloads were more likely to report feeling overwhelmed.
Formative Answer: This is incorrect: no comma is needed after (2020). A comma is only needed if the author name and publication year are both in parentheses.
Option B: Jones, et al (2019) demonstrated the relationship between repetition and skill acquisition.
Formative Answer: This is incorrect for two reasons: (1) no comma is needed after Jones to separate it from et al. and (2) “et al.” must always be followed by a period.
Option C: (Becker, 2021) asked leaders about their experiences starting their non-profit organizations.
Formative Answer: This is incorrect since the author, Becker, is referred to explicitly: Becker is the subject of the sentence. Therefore, the name should not be in parentheses.
Option D: Non-profit leaders struggled the most with financial management of their organizations (Smith, 2020).
Formative Answer: This is the correct answer: since the author is not referred to explicitly in the sentence, both the name and publication year are in parentheses and are separated by a comma.
Option E: Protecting tax-exempt status was a significant challenge for leaders whose organizations generated significant revenue (Thompson, 2020, Deane and Watson, 2022).
Formative Answer: This is incorrect for two reasons: (1) the two articles are not separated by a semicolon, and (2) they are not in alphabetical order (Deane and Watson should precede Thompson).
Reference: APA Format for in-text citation: https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/research_and_citation/apa_style/apa_formatting_and_style_guide/in_text_citations_author_authors.html
Reference List Format
To see the correct format for a reference list, review APA Academic Writer and copy that format exactly. It matters where you put periods, commas, and how you capitalize article titles vs journal names, so pay attention to the details!
• QUESTION 6
Correct the mistakes in the reference below:
Jackson, Amber T., Ricki, Gillian M., & Thompson, Jesse L. (2022) Leadership Style and Organizational Success, Human Services Organizational Journal, Vol. 22, Iss. 4, pp. 482 – 491.
Enter your response

Literature Review Organization

Once you have a list/table of your findings, it’s time to start thinking about writing the literature review. The stages of writing a literature review are:
1. Prewriting
2. Drafting
3. Peer Review (if possible)
4. Revising
5. Proofreading
Prewriting
Prewriting is when you think through the ideas that you want to write about. At this point, you’ve read the articles, analyzed them (individually), and synthesized them (thought about the articles as a group) to identify key points.
How are you going to organize those points? What is the overall point of your paper? This is what you determine in the prewriting stage. It is tempting to skip this step. DON’T DO IT.
Most writing problems are thinking problems, and this is the thinking part. If you start trying to write without a clear sense of the point of your paper and the supporting points, you will have a jumbled mess to revise.
Some things to consider in the prewriting stage are:
1. What is the main point of this paper?
2. What are the key points to elaborate on the main point?
3. What is a logical order for these points?
Identifying the Main Point
The main point of your paper (what can also be referred to as the “thesis” or “main argument”) is a combination of:
– Your topic
– Research findings
Let’s say you started out wanting to understand how cis female and transgender female leaders maintain their authority in work environments where the staff is predominantly cis male. That’s your topic.
The research might indicate:
– The experience is different for cis female and transgender females due to gender socialization differences and different reactions to their gender identities
1. Cis gender leaders deal with gender socialization that encourages maintaining relationships over establishing dominance
2. Transgender females are not accustomed to the sexism that cis females grow up experiencing
– Both groups experience frequent challenges to their authority
– Both groups develop strategies to establish authority while maintaining productive working relationships, but those strategies differ
So while you started out wanting to know how female leaders (whether cis female or transgender female) maintain authority among predominately male subordinates, you discovered that the experiences are unique based on whether they are cis female or transgender.
The main point or thesis now is: Female leaders, whether cis female or transgender female, face challenges to their authority from male subordinates, but the experiences are different for cis female leaders compared to transgender female leaders.
• QUESTION 7
Look at your notes from your articles. What is the main point?
Enter your response
• QUESTION 8
What are the key ideas in the story (add more if you need them)?
Enter your response
• QUESTION 9
Are any of the ideas not directly relevant to your topic (although they may be interesting)? Note them here. They could be useful things to read about another time!
Enter your response
• QUESTION 10
What is a logical order? Order the ideas in two different ways.
Enter your response

Formal Outline

Now that you have your ideas, put them into a formal outline with headings that you will use in the paper. Here’s the outline you need to use for this assessment:
I. Introduction
II. Literature Review
III. Theory
IV. Project Proposal
The literature review is the section that will need the most thought, since the headings/subheadings will vary for each of you, based on what you’re reading. For example, continuing with the above example, the lit review outline could be:
I. Introduction
II. Literature Review
a. Cis female and transgender female leaders experience challenges to authority
i. Gender socialization
ii. Reaction to sexism
b. Strategies to Establish Authority
i. Cis female gender strategies
ii. Transgender female strategies
c. Responses to Challenges of Authority
i. Cis female responses
ii. Transgender female responses
III. Theory
IV. Project Proposal
• QUESTION 11
Write an outline for your paper:
Enter your response

November 5, 2026
[Solved] Developing as an Academic Writer

✓ Verified Academic Solution Available

Executive Solution Overview

If you haven't had an instructor make a comment about the expectations for "graduate level writing," you likely will. This is another way of saying "scholarly writing." What makes it challenging is that scholarly writing requires clear articulation of your thoughts and empirical support for any clai…

Instant Solution Download
$6.99

Immediate access to the full model answer, formatted citations, and rubric breakdown.

Need a Fresh Custom Paper?

Have this question answered from scratch according to your specific instructions and deadline.
Order on TutorsGallery →

Assignment Prompt & Instructions

If you haven't had an instructor make a comment about the expectations for "graduate level writing," you likely will. This is another way of saying "scholarly writing." What makes it challenging is that scholarly writing requires clear articulation of your thoughts and empirical support for any claims. You may have heard a TV pundit or government official make a claim like, "None of the studies indicate this." In scholarly writing, you must cite the studies you're referencing, for example, and define terms you're using. It's a challenge at first, but it becomes easier with practice!
For this week's discussion, discuss one of the following:
1. What is it like for you to have to clearly articulate your thoughts and support them with scholarly work?
2. What is it like when the research findings don't support your assumptions?
3. What tips/strategies would you share with your colleagues to strategies to make your writing more scholarly?
## **Response Guidelines**
Read the posts of your peers and respond to at least one other learner. Please make sure your response is substantive.

November 5, 2026
[Solved] 599 A-3

✓ Verified Academic Solution Available

Executive Solution Overview

– ## JWI599BusinessAnalyticsandCapstoneAssignment3.pdf – ## JWI599BusinessAnalyticsandCapstoneBoardBriefChecklist.pdf **## JWI599BusinessAnalyticsandCapstoneAssignment3.pdf** JWI 599: Business Analytics and Capstone Assignment 3 © Strayer University. All Rights Reserved. This document contains Stray…

Instant Solution Download
$6.99

Immediate access to the full model answer, formatted citations, and rubric breakdown.

Need a Fresh Custom Paper?

Have this question answered from scratch according to your specific instructions and deadline.
Order on TutorsGallery →

Assignment Prompt & Instructions

– ## JWI599BusinessAnalyticsandCapstoneAssignment3.pdf

– ## JWI599BusinessAnalyticsandCapstoneBoardBriefChecklist.pdf

**## JWI599BusinessAnalyticsandCapstoneAssignment3.pdf**

JWI 599: Business Analytics and Capstone

Assignment 3

© Strayer University. All Rights Reserved. This document contains Strayer University confidential and proprietary information and may not be
copied, further distributed, or otherwise disclosed, in whole or in part, without the expressed written permission of Strayer University.

JWI 599 – Assignment 3 (1244) Page 1 of 3

Assignment 3: Overview of the Strategic Plan
Due: Monday, 9:00 am (eastern), Week 9 (20% of Course Grade)

Overview

In this assignment, you create the third component of your Board Brief, an overview of your strategic plan.
The purpose of the overview is to give Board members a preview of the key changes you will make in order
to implement your plan, and to explain how these changes will impact the organization. This information
enables your Board to come to the meeting better prepared and to ask more informed questions. Your
overview must be clear and complete enough that it makes sense, but it should not be overly wordy.

Your instructor will review your strategic plan and will provide comments and questions where needed to
help you strengthen your presentation. You will be given these questions in advance of your presentation
and will be expected to address them in your delivery.

Instructions

1. Building on your previous submissions, include an additional 3 to 4 pages to take the analysis work
you have done in the first two assignments and turn it into an actionable plan.

2. An effective plan overview will include:

a. A clear and compelling opening statement (executive summary) that explains the strategic
initiative

b. A high-level outline of your implementation plan, including costs, impact on operations, ROI
projections, competitive advantage, and risks associated with the plan, along with your
mitigation plans

c. A reminder of the challenges and opportunities facing the organization and how your
proposed plan will address these

d. Enough information to allow Board members to prepare for the upcoming meeting and to
formulate additional questions

e. A summary statement recapping why the proposed strategic initiative is necessary and
specifying the approvals being sought at the upcoming Board meeting

JWI 599: Business Analytics and Capstone

Assignment 3

© Strayer University. All Rights Reserved. This document contains Strayer University confidential and proprietary information and may not be
copied, further distributed, or otherwise disclosed, in whole or in part, without the expressed written permission of Strayer University.

JWI 599 – Assignment 3 (1244) Page 2 of 3

Formatting and Submission Requirements

NOTE: Use the Board Brief Checklist in the course shell to ensure that you have included the required
content, from each of the three assignments in this course, in your final Board Brief.

• Submit your work in Word

• Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, your name, your professor’s name, and
the course title and date

• Include a references page with your sources

• The cover page and the references page are not included in the required page length

• Use professional font (Times New Roman or Arial), 10-12 font size, and double-space

• Headings are used to identify main topics and subtopics

• Paragraphs are separated by a single space

JWI 599: Business Analytics and Capstone

Assignment 3

© Strayer University. All Rights Reserved. This document contains Strayer University confidential and proprietary information and may not be
copied, further distributed, or otherwise disclosed, in whole or in part, without the expressed written permission of Strayer University.

JWI 599 – Assignment 3 (1244) Page 3 of 3

RUBRIC: Assignment 3

CRITERIA

Unsatisfactory

Low Pass

Pass

High Pass

Honors

1. Executive
Summary/
Opening
Statement

Weight: 10%

Executive summary
was missing or off-
topic

Executive summary
covered main points,
but was disorganized
or overly detailed

Executive summary
provided a basic
synopsis of the
strategic plan

Executive summary
provided an excellent
synopsis of the
strategic plan

Met HP criteria plus
displayed an
engaging style that
indicates a powerful
opening that will grab
the audience

2. Plan Outline

Weight: 30%

Missing, incomplete,
or unrealistic
explanation of the
strategic plan

Strategic plan was
outlined, but lacked
substantive rationale
for key choices and
actions

Strategic plan was
outlined; included
basic rationale and
information on key
choices and actions

Strategic plan
included a clear and
well-reasoned
rationale; included
key information on
strategic choices and
actions

Strategic plan is
justified by keen
insight into market
dynamics and
competitors’
strengths, and
provided a viable
solution for both
near-term and long-
term growth

3. Financials

Weight: 20%

Performed no
financial calculations
or made substantive
errors

Financial models
and calculations
included minor errors
or assumptions
which did not
materially impact the
strategic plan

Correctly performed
all basic financial
calculation and
modeling

Met Pass criteria plus
included detailed
calculations that
correctly and
accurately
summarized the
financial health of the
organization

Met HP criteria plus
included
comprehensive
forward-looking
calculations of
payback relative to
IRR and other key
performance metrics

4. Competitive
Advantage

Weight: 15%

Did not identify
impact on
competitive strength
or presented
assertions not
supported by data

Identified potential
impact of the
strategic plan move
on competitive
advantage, but did
not address
sustainability of
advantage

Identified potential
impact on
competitive
advantage and
provided basic
insights into the
ability of competitors
to match move(s)

Clearly explained the
sustainability of the
move(s) and why
competitors will not
easily be able to
match

Met HP criteria plus
offered additional
valuable insights into
evidence supporting
the sustainability and
superiority of the
strategic plan

5. Risk

Weight: 15%

Incomplete or
unclear synopsis of
any of the most
important strategic
risks

Risk analysis was
superficial,
demonstrating only a
basic understanding
of the threats to the
proposed strategic
plan

Risk analysis
demonstrated basic
understanding of
risks and the upside
opportunity relative to
that risk

Clearly explained
potential for risk, risk
impact on the
organization, and
plan for risk
mitigation

Met HP criteria plus
explained why
proposed plan is
superior to other risk-
reward options

6. Summary

Weight: 10%

Missing, incomplete,
or unclear summary

Summary was vague
and/or failed to
connect key
elements of the plan

Summary provided a
basic recap of
connection of key
elements of the plan

Summary recapped
key elements and
drew the Board Brief
to a clear and
concise close

Met HP criteria plus
presented an
inspiring and
compelling call to
action that this is the
plan that will take the
organization forward

**## JWI599BusinessAnalyticsandCapstoneBoardBriefChecklist.pdf**

599 – Board Brief Checklist Page 1 of 3

JWI 599: Business Analytics and Capstone

Board Brief Checklist

© Strayer University. All Rights Reserved. This document contains Strayer University confidential and proprietary information and
may not be copied, further distributed, or otherwise disclosed, in whole or in part, without the expressed written permission of
Strayer University.

Use this checklist as a guide when you are working on each of the first three assignments for your
Capstone Project. It will serve as a reminder of the key content areas and the qualities of a well-written
Board Brief. Note that the components listed below are not a direct match for each topic in your
assignments. That is not its purpose. While the elements of an effective Board Brief are fairly consistent,
the sequence and specific content will vary somewhat depending on circumstances.

Board Brief Component Key Features

Executive Summary

Include a clear executive summary (AKA
“elevator pitch”) for your brief. A good summary
will help focus your audience’s attention.

Remember, you are telling a business story not
crafting a piece of literature. Your goal is not to
let the story just unfold as it goes. Tell your
audience right from the beginning where the brief
is going and what actions you are proposing.

Note: An Executive Summary is best written after
the brief is fully developed in order to capture the
most significant findings, recommendations and
conclusions.

 Capture the big idea of what you want to say

 Frame the problem/opportunity

 State your vision for the organization and the

context for your plan

 Outline a high-level snapshot of how your
proposed changes will increase the
organization’s competitive strength

 If there is an “ask” (such as a vote at the next
meeting), make note of that in the executive
summary so that Board members know why
they are reading the brief

Data

When presenting complex information to a non-
technical audience, you must Identify key data
relative to the problem or opportunity. Don’t
overwhelm your readers by providing page after
page of numbers. This may be needed for other
types of reports, but not for a Board Brief.

Use good judgment in highlighting the most
critical data in the main body of the brief. If there
are additional data sets that include important
information, but are likely to only be reviewed by
a few people with specialized knowledge, include
these in an appendix (or even in a separate
document).

 Recap of the data you have gathered and
analyzed

 Document the sources of the data

 Summarize and communicate the data in a
clear and meaningful way; show how the
data support your position

 Make good use of visuals to illustrate your
findings

 Identify areas where data may be missing or
incomplete; explain the impact of missing
data on your analysis – remember, you will
never have complete data and that’s okay,

599 – Board Brief Checklist Page 2 of 3

JWI 599: Business Analytics and Capstone

Board Brief Checklist

© Strayer University. All Rights Reserved. This document contains Strayer University confidential and proprietary information and
may not be copied, further distributed, or otherwise disclosed, in whole or in part, without the expressed written permission of
Strayer University.

The data that are most important will, of course,
vary depending on the specific focus of the brief,
but should include qualitative and quantitative
data on your organization, competitors and the
marketplace to support the strategy you are
proposing.

It is critical that you make good use of charts,
tables and other visual supports to display your
data. This will help your audience to more easily
understand the patterns, trends and anomalies in
the data.

but you need to convince the Board that the
data you do have are sufficient to make an
informed decision

Implementation Plan

Craft a clear map of what will happen and when.
This should include actionable steps that identify
and align objectives, actions and milestones.

Use good judgement in determining the level of
detail to provide. Your Board will not need to
know specific personnel decisions in every
department or the exact specifications of a new
piece of equipment you will be purchasing. They
need to see a “big picture” overview of how you
will turn your plan into a reality.

Note: It is likely that Board members will come
back to you with additional questions on certain
areas of the plan. That’s okay. As you continue
to work with your Board, you will learn where
different members want to dig deeper, and your
board briefs will evolve to address those needs.

 Identify key goals and the actionable steps to
achieve your desired outcomes

 Include key milestones

 Include a (proposed) timeline for each
milestone

 Identify personnel or organizational changes
necessary to accomplish the plan

 If additional training will be required, include
a high-level overview of how the training will
be delivered

 Identify changes in infrastructure, facilities
and major equipment purchases – Note: do
not include the financials for these in your
implementation overview; address these in
your financials section

Financials

Your initiative is not going to get approved unless
you can demonstrate a positive return on
investment. In preparing for your Board
Presentation, you must address key financial
questions for Board such as projected revenue,
fixed and variable costs and ROI.

 How much will it cost to implement your
plan?

 How will you secure the necessary funds?

 When will this initiative pay for itself and start
making money?

599 – Board Brief Checklist Page 3 of 3

JWI 599: Business Analytics and Capstone

Board Brief Checklist

© Strayer University. All Rights Reserved. This document contains Strayer University confidential and proprietary information and
may not be copied, further distributed, or otherwise disclosed, in whole or in part, without the expressed written permission of
Strayer University.

Additionally, you should share data related to
why your plan is the best use of the financial
resources of your organization.

Use the budgeting tools you have learned about
including NPV, IRR, Break-Even and Payback to
help you communicate a clear financial picture to
your Board.

 How much profit will the company earn when
you successfully execute the plan?

Competitive Advantage

Your Board will expect a clear explanation of
what your plan will accomplish to strengthen the
“economic moat” surrounding your business.

Keep your synopsis at a high level and make
sure you demonstrate how your strategy clearly
aligns with the mission of the organization.

 How will this initiative put your company
ahead of the competition?

 How will it create a long-term sustainable
competitive advantage?

 What will keep your competitors from just
copying your moves?

Risk Mitigation

A Board presentation from the CEO can’t be all
about the good with none of the bad. Yes, you
want to convince the Board that your idea is the
right one and you are the one who can make it
happen, but you also have a responsibility to
educate the Board about the risks relative to the
rewards and the steps you will take to manage
those risks. This includes threats from outside
the organization such as what competitors can
do to keep you from achieving market leadership
or forces that are impacting the larger economy.

 Summarize the risks (from inside and outside

forces) that could undermine the success of
you plan

 Explain to the Board how these risks have
been assessed and how your plan offers the
right balance of risk and reward

Summary or Wrap-Up

Keep it short and sweet, but pull the pieces
together. Bringing everything back to the
Mission is a good way to end a Board Brief.

 Include a “call to action” – this is usually a
reminder of the request for approval being
sought at the upcoming meeting

**## JWI599BusinessAnalyticsandCapstoneBoardBriefChecklist.pdf**

599 – Board Brief Checklist Page 1 of 3

JWI 599: Business Analytics and Capstone

Board Brief Checklist

© Strayer University. All Rights Reserved. This document contains Strayer University confidential and proprietary information and
may not be copied, further distributed, or otherwise disclosed, in whole or in part, without the expressed written permission of
Strayer University.

Use this checklist as a guide when you are working on each of the first three assignments for your
Capstone Project. It will serve as a reminder of the key content areas and the qualities of a well-written
Board Brief. Note that the components listed below are not a direct match for each topic in your
assignments. That is not its purpose. While the elements of an effective Board Brief are fairly consistent,
the sequence and specific content will vary somewhat depending on circumstances.

Board Brief Component Key Features

Executive Summary

Include a clear executive summary (AKA
“elevator pitch”) for your brief. A good summary
will help focus your audience’s attention.

Remember, you are telling a business story not
crafting a piece of literature. Your goal is not to
let the story just unfold as it goes. Tell your
audience right from the beginning where the brief
is going and what actions you are proposing.

Note: An Executive Summary is best written after
the brief is fully developed in order to capture the
most significant findings, recommendations and
conclusions.

 Capture the big idea of what you want to say

 Frame the problem/opportunity

 State your vision for the organization and the

context for your plan

 Outline a high-level snapshot of how your
proposed changes will increase the
organization’s competitive strength

 If there is an “ask” (such as a vote at the next
meeting), make note of that in the executive
summary so that Board members know why
they are reading the brief

Data

When presenting complex information to a non-
technical audience, you must Identify key data
relative to the problem or opportunity. Don’t
overwhelm your readers by providing page after
page of numbers. This may be needed for other
types of reports, but not for a Board Brief.

Use good judgment in highlighting the most
critical data in the main body of the brief. If there
are additional data sets that include important
information, but are likely to only be reviewed by
a few people with specialized knowledge, include
these in an appendix (or even in a separate
document).

 Recap of the data you have gathered and
analyzed

 Document the sources of the data

 Summarize and communicate the data in a
clear and meaningful way; show how the
data support your position

 Make good use of visuals to illustrate your
findings

 Identify areas where data may be missing or
incomplete; explain the impact of missing
data on your analysis – remember, you will
never have complete data and that’s okay,

599 – Board Brief Checklist Page 2 of 3

JWI 599: Business Analytics and Capstone

Board Brief Checklist

© Strayer University. All Rights Reserved. This document contains Strayer University confidential and proprietary information and
may not be copied, further distributed, or otherwise disclosed, in whole or in part, without the expressed written permission of
Strayer University.

The data that are most important will, of course,
vary depending on the specific focus of the brief,
but should include qualitative and quantitative
data on your organization, competitors and the
marketplace to support the strategy you are
proposing.

It is critical that you make good use of charts,
tables and other visual supports to display your
data. This will help your audience to more easily
understand the patterns, trends and anomalies in
the data.

but you need to convince the Board that the
data you do have are sufficient to make an
informed decision

Implementation Plan

Craft a clear map of what will happen and when.
This should include actionable steps that identify
and align objectives, actions and milestones.

Use good judgement in determining the level of
detail to provide. Your Board will not need to
know specific personnel decisions in every
department or the exact specifications of a new
piece of equipment you will be purchasing. They
need to see a “big picture” overview of how you
will turn your plan into a reality.

Note: It is likely that Board members will come
back to you with additional questions on certain
areas of the plan. That’s okay. As you continue
to work with your Board, you will learn where
different members want to dig deeper, and your
board briefs will evolve to address those needs.

 Identify key goals and the actionable steps to
achieve your desired outcomes

 Include key milestones

 Include a (proposed) timeline for each
milestone

 Identify personnel or organizational changes
necessary to accomplish the plan

 If additional training will be required, include
a high-level overview of how the training will
be delivered

 Identify changes in infrastructure, facilities
and major equipment purchases – Note: do
not include the financials for these in your
implementation overview; address these in
your financials section

Financials

Your initiative is not going to get approved unless
you can demonstrate a positive return on
investment. In preparing for your Board
Presentation, you must address key financial
questions for Board such as projected revenue,
fixed and variable costs and ROI.

 How much will it cost to implement your
plan?

 How will you secure the necessary funds?

 When will this initiative pay for itself and start
making money?

599 – Board Brief Checklist Page 3 of 3

JWI 599: Business Analytics and Capstone

Board Brief Checklist

© Strayer University. All Rights Reserved. This document contains Strayer University confidential and proprietary information and
may not be copied, further distributed, or otherwise disclosed, in whole or in part, without the expressed written permission of
Strayer University.

Additionally, you should share data related to
why your plan is the best use of the financial
resources of your organization.

Use the budgeting tools you have learned about
including NPV, IRR, Break-Even and Payback to
help you communicate a clear financial picture to
your Board.

 How much profit will the company earn when
you successfully execute the plan?

Competitive Advantage

Your Board will expect a clear explanation of
what your plan will accomplish to strengthen the
“economic moat” surrounding your business.

Keep your synopsis at a high level and make
sure you demonstrate how your strategy clearly
aligns with the mission of the organization.

 How will this initiative put your company
ahead of the competition?

 How will it create a long-term sustainable
competitive advantage?

 What will keep your competitors from just
copying your moves?

Risk Mitigation

A Board presentation from the CEO can’t be all
about the good with none of the bad. Yes, you
want to convince the Board that your idea is the
right one and you are the one who can make it
happen, but you also have a responsibility to
educate the Board about the risks relative to the
rewards and the steps you will take to manage
those risks. This includes threats from outside
the organization such as what competitors can
do to keep you from achieving market leadership
or forces that are impacting the larger economy.

 Summarize the risks (from inside and outside

forces) that could undermine the success of
you plan

 Explain to the Board how these risks have
been assessed and how your plan offers the
right balance of risk and reward

Summary or Wrap-Up

Keep it short and sweet, but pull the pieces
together. Bringing everything back to the
Mission is a good way to end a Board Brief.

 Include a “call to action” – this is usually a
reminder of the request for approval being
sought at the upcoming meeting

**## JWI599BusinessAnalyticsandCapstoneAssignment3.pdf**

JWI 599: Business Analytics and Capstone

Assignment 3

© Strayer University. All Rights Reserved. This document contains Strayer University confidential and proprietary information and may not be
copied, further distributed, or otherwise disclosed, in whole or in part, without the expressed written permission of Strayer University.

JWI 599 – Assignment 3 (1244) Page 1 of 3

Assignment 3: Overview of the Strategic Plan
Due: Monday, 9:00 am (eastern), Week 9 (20% of Course Grade)

Overview

In this assignment, you create the third component of your Board Brief, an overview of your strategic plan.
The purpose of the overview is to give Board members a preview of the key changes you will make in order
to implement your plan, and to explain how these changes will impact the organization. This information
enables your Board to come to the meeting better prepared and to ask more informed questions. Your
overview must be clear and complete enough that it makes sense, but it should not be overly wordy.

Your instructor will review your strategic plan and will provide comments and questions where needed to
help you strengthen your presentation. You will be given these questions in advance of your presentation
and will be expected to address them in your delivery.

Instructions

1. Building on your previous submissions, include an additional 3 to 4 pages to take the analysis work
you have done in the first two assignments and turn it into an actionable plan.

2. An effective plan overview will include:

a. A clear and compelling opening statement (executive summary) that explains the strategic
initiative

b. A high-level outline of your implementation plan, including costs, impact on operations, ROI
projections, competitive advantage, and risks associated with the plan, along with your
mitigation plans

c. A reminder of the challenges and opportunities facing the organization and how your
proposed plan will address these

d. Enough information to allow Board members to prepare for the upcoming meeting and to
formulate additional questions

e. A summary statement recapping why the proposed strategic initiative is necessary and
specifying the approvals being sought at the upcoming Board meeting

JWI 599: Business Analytics and Capstone

Assignment 3

© Strayer University. All Rights Reserved. This document contains Strayer University confidential and proprietary information and may not be
copied, further distributed, or otherwise disclosed, in whole or in part, without the expressed written permission of Strayer University.

JWI 599 – Assignment 3 (1244) Page 2 of 3

Formatting and Submission Requirements

NOTE: Use the Board Brief Checklist in the course shell to ensure that you have included the required
content, from each of the three assignments in this course, in your final Board Brief.

• Submit your work in Word

• Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, your name, your professor’s name, and
the course title and date

• Include a references page with your sources

• The cover page and the references page are not included in the required page length

• Use professional font (Times New Roman or Arial), 10-12 font size, and double-space

• Headings are used to identify main topics and subtopics

• Paragraphs are separated by a single space

JWI 599: Business Analytics and Capstone

Assignment 3

© Strayer University. All Rights Reserved. This document contains Strayer University confidential and proprietary information and may not be
copied, further distributed, or otherwise disclosed, in whole or in part, without the expressed written permission of Strayer University.

JWI 599 – Assignment 3 (1244) Page 3 of 3

RUBRIC: Assignment 3

CRITERIA

Unsatisfactory

Low Pass

Pass

High Pass

Honors

1. Executive
Summary/
Opening
Statement

Weight: 10%

Executive summary
was missing or off-
topic

Executive summary
covered main points,
but was disorganized
or overly detailed

Executive summary
provided a basic
synopsis of the
strategic plan

Executive summary
provided an excellent
synopsis of the
strategic plan

Met HP criteria plus
displayed an
engaging style that
indicates a powerful
opening that will grab
the audience

2. Plan Outline

Weight: 30%

Missing, incomplete,
or unrealistic
explanation of the
strategic plan

Strategic plan was
outlined, but lacked
substantive rationale
for key choices and
actions

Strategic plan was
outlined; included
basic rationale and
information on key
choices and actions

Strategic plan
included a clear and
well-reasoned
rationale; included
key information on
strategic choices and
actions

Strategic plan is
justified by keen
insight into market
dynamics and
competitors’
strengths, and
provided a viable
solution for both
near-term and long-
term growth

3. Financials

Weight: 20%

Performed no
financial calculations
or made substantive
errors

Financial models
and calculations
included minor errors
or assumptions
which did not
materially impact the
strategic plan

Correctly performed
all basic financial
calculation and
modeling

Met Pass criteria plus
included detailed
calculations that
correctly and
accurately
summarized the
financial health of the
organization

Met HP criteria plus
included
comprehensive
forward-looking
calculations of
payback relative to
IRR and other key
performance metrics

4. Competitive
Advantage

Weight: 15%

Did not identify
impact on
competitive strength
or presented
assertions not
supported by data

Identified potential
impact of the
strategic plan move
on competitive
advantage, but did
not address
sustainability of
advantage

Identified potential
impact on
competitive
advantage and
provided basic
insights into the
ability of competitors
to match move(s)

Clearly explained the
sustainability of the
move(s) and why
competitors will not
easily be able to
match

Met HP criteria plus
offered additional
valuable insights into
evidence supporting
the sustainability and
superiority of the
strategic plan

5. Risk

Weight: 15%

Incomplete or
unclear synopsis of
any of the most
important strategic
risks

Risk analysis was
superficial,
demonstrating only a
basic understanding
of the threats to the
proposed strategic
plan

Risk analysis
demonstrated basic
understanding of
risks and the upside
opportunity relative to
that risk

Clearly explained
potential for risk, risk
impact on the
organization, and
plan for risk
mitigation

Met HP criteria plus
explained why
proposed plan is
superior to other risk-
reward options

6. Summary

Weight: 10%

Missing, incomplete,
or unclear summary

Summary was vague
and/or failed to
connect key
elements of the plan

Summary provided a
basic recap of
connection of key
elements of the plan

Summary recapped
key elements and
drew the Board Brief
to a clear and
concise close

Met HP criteria plus
presented an
inspiring and
compelling call to
action that this is the
plan that will take the
organization forward

**## JWI599BusinessAnalyticsandCapstoneBoardBriefChecklist.pdf**

599 – Board Brief Checklist Page 1 of 3

JWI 599: Business Analytics and Capstone

Board Brief Checklist

© Strayer University. All Rights Reserved. This document contains Strayer University confidential and proprietary information and
may not be copied, further distributed, or otherwise disclosed, in whole or in part, without the expressed written permission of
Strayer University.

Use this checklist as a guide when you are working on each of the first three assignments for your
Capstone Project. It will serve as a reminder of the key content areas and the qualities of a well-written
Board Brief. Note that the components listed below are not a direct match for each topic in your
assignments. That is not its purpose. While the elements of an effective Board Brief are fairly consistent,
the sequence and specific content will vary somewhat depending on circumstances.

Board Brief Component Key Features

Executive Summary

Include a clear executive summary (AKA
“elevator pitch”) for your brief. A good summary
will help focus your audience’s attention.

Remember, you are telling a business story not
crafting a piece of literature. Your goal is not to
let the story just unfold as it goes. Tell your
audience right from the beginning where the brief
is going and what actions you are proposing.

Note: An Executive Summary is best written after
the brief is fully developed in order to capture the
most significant findings, recommendations and
conclusions.

 Capture the big idea of what you want to say

 Frame the problem/opportunity

 State your vision for the organization and the

context for your plan

 Outline a high-level snapshot of how your
proposed changes will increase the
organization’s competitive strength

 If there is an “ask” (such as a vote at the next
meeting), make note of that in the executive
summary so that Board members know why
they are reading the brief

Data

When presenting complex information to a non-
technical audience, you must Identify key data
relative to the problem or opportunity. Don’t
overwhelm your readers by providing page after
page of numbers. This may be needed for other
types of reports, but not for a Board Brief.

Use good judgment in highlighting the most
critical data in the main body of the brief. If there
are additional data sets that include important
information, but are likely to only be reviewed by
a few people with specialized knowledge, include
these in an appendix (or even in a separate
document).

 Recap of the data you have gathered and
analyzed

 Document the sources of the data

 Summarize and communicate the data in a
clear and meaningful way; show how the
data support your position

 Make good use of visuals to illustrate your
findings

 Identify areas where data may be missing or
incomplete; explain the impact of missing
data on your analysis – remember, you will
never have complete data and that’s okay,

599 – Board Brief Checklist Page 2 of 3

JWI 599: Business Analytics and Capstone

Board Brief Checklist

© Strayer University. All Rights Reserved. This document contains Strayer University confidential and proprietary information and
may not be copied, further distributed, or otherwise disclosed, in whole or in part, without the expressed written permission of
Strayer University.

The data that are most important will, of course,
vary depending on the specific focus of the brief,
but should include qualitative and quantitative
data on your organization, competitors and the
marketplace to support the strategy you are
proposing.

It is critical that you make good use of charts,
tables and other visual supports to display your
data. This will help your audience to more easily
understand the patterns, trends and anomalies in
the data.

but you need to convince the Board that the
data you do have are sufficient to make an
informed decision

Implementation Plan

Craft a clear map of what will happen and when.
This should include actionable steps that identify
and align objectives, actions and milestones.

Use good judgement in determining the level of
detail to provide. Your Board will not need to
know specific personnel decisions in every
department or the exact specifications of a new
piece of equipment you will be purchasing. They
need to see a “big picture” overview of how you
will turn your plan into a reality.

Note: It is likely that Board members will come
back to you with additional questions on certain
areas of the plan. That’s okay. As you continue
to work with your Board, you will learn where
different members want to dig deeper, and your
board briefs will evolve to address those needs.

 Identify key goals and the actionable steps to
achieve your desired outcomes

 Include key milestones

 Include a (proposed) timeline for each
milestone

 Identify personnel or organizational changes
necessary to accomplish the plan

 If additional training will be required, include
a high-level overview of how the training will
be delivered

 Identify changes in infrastructure, facilities
and major equipment purchases – Note: do
not include the financials for these in your
implementation overview; address these in
your financials section

Financials

Your initiative is not going to get approved unless
you can demonstrate a positive return on
investment. In preparing for your Board
Presentation, you must address key financial
questions for Board such as projected revenue,
fixed and variable costs and ROI.

 How much will it cost to implement your
plan?

 How will you secure the necessary funds?

 When will this initiative pay for itself and start
making money?

599 – Board Brief Checklist Page 3 of 3

JWI 599: Business Analytics and Capstone

Board Brief Checklist

© Strayer University. All Rights Reserved. This document contains Strayer University confidential and proprietary information and
may not be copied, further distributed, or otherwise disclosed, in whole or in part, without the expressed written permission of
Strayer University.

Additionally, you should share data related to
why your plan is the best use of the financial
resources of your organization.

Use the budgeting tools you have learned about
including NPV, IRR, Break-Even and Payback to
help you communicate a clear financial picture to
your Board.

 How much profit will the company earn when
you successfully execute the plan?

Competitive Advantage

Your Board will expect a clear explanation of
what your plan will accomplish to strengthen the
“economic moat” surrounding your business.

Keep your synopsis at a high level and make
sure you demonstrate how your strategy clearly
aligns with the mission of the organization.

 How will this initiative put your company
ahead of the competition?

 How will it create a long-term sustainable
competitive advantage?

 What will keep your competitors from just
copying your moves?

Risk Mitigation

A Board presentation from the CEO can’t be all
about the good with none of the bad. Yes, you
want to convince the Board that your idea is the
right one and you are the one who can make it
happen, but you also have a responsibility to
educate the Board about the risks relative to the
rewards and the steps you will take to manage
those risks. This includes threats from outside
the organization such as what competitors can
do to keep you from achieving market leadership
or forces that are impacting the larger economy.

 Summarize the risks (from inside and outside

forces) that could undermine the success of
you plan

 Explain to the Board how these risks have
been assessed and how your plan offers the
right balance of risk and reward

Summary or Wrap-Up

Keep it short and sweet, but pull the pieces
together. Bringing everything back to the
Mission is a good way to end a Board Brief.

 Include a “call to action” – this is usually a
reminder of the request for approval being
sought at the upcoming meeting

**## JWI599BusinessAnalyticsandCapstoneAssignment3.pdf**

JWI 599: Business Analytics and Capstone

Assignment 3

© Strayer University. All Rights Reserved. This document contains Strayer University confidential and proprietary information and may not be
copied, further distributed, or otherwise disclosed, in whole or in part, without the expressed written permission of Strayer University.

JWI 599 – Assignment 3 (1244) Page 1 of 3

Assignment 3: Overview of the Strategic Plan
Due: Monday, 9:00 am (eastern), Week 9 (20% of Course Grade)

Overview

In this assignment, you create the third component of your Board Brief, an overview of your strategic plan.
The purpose of the overview is to give Board members a preview of the key changes you will make in order
to implement your plan, and to explain how these changes will impact the organization. This information
enables your Board to come to the meeting better prepared and to ask more informed questions. Your
overview must be clear and complete enough that it makes sense, but it should not be overly wordy.

Your instructor will review your strategic plan and will provide comments and questions where needed to
help you strengthen your presentation. You will be given these questions in advance of your presentation
and will be expected to address them in your delivery.

Instructions

1. Building on your previous submissions, include an additional 3 to 4 pages to take the analysis work
you have done in the first two assignments and turn it into an actionable plan.

2. An effective plan overview will include:

a. A clear and compelling opening statement (executive summary) that explains the strategic
initiative

b. A high-level outline of your implementation plan, including costs, impact on operations, ROI
projections, competitive advantage, and risks associated with the plan, along with your
mitigation plans

c. A reminder of the challenges and opportunities facing the organization and how your
proposed plan will address these

d. Enough information to allow Board members to prepare for the upcoming meeting and to
formulate additional questions

e. A summary statement recapping why the proposed strategic initiative is necessary and
specifying the approvals being sought at the upcoming Board meeting

JWI 599: Business Analytics and Capstone

Assignment 3

© Strayer University. All Rights Reserved. This document contains Strayer University confidential and proprietary information and may not be
copied, further distributed, or otherwise disclosed, in whole or in part, without the expressed written permission of Strayer University.

JWI 599 – Assignment 3 (1244) Page 2 of 3

Formatting and Submission Requirements

NOTE: Use the Board Brief Checklist in the course shell to ensure that you have included the required
content, from each of the three assignments in this course, in your final Board Brief.

• Submit your work in Word

• Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, your name, your professor’s name, and
the course title and date

• Include a references page with your sources

• The cover page and the references page are not included in the required page length

• Use professional font (Times New Roman or Arial), 10-12 font size, and double-space

• Headings are used to identify main topics and subtopics

• Paragraphs are separated by a single space

JWI 599: Business Analytics and Capstone

Assignment 3

© Strayer University. All Rights Reserved. This document contains Strayer University confidential and proprietary information and may not be
copied, further distributed, or otherwise disclosed, in whole or in part, without the expressed written permission of Strayer University.

JWI 599 – Assignment 3 (1244) Page 3 of 3

RUBRIC: Assignment 3

CRITERIA

Unsatisfactory

Low Pass

Pass

High Pass

Honors

1. Executive
Summary/
Opening
Statement

Weight: 10%

Executive summary
was missing or off-
topic

Executive summary
covered main points,
but was disorganized
or overly detailed

Executive summary
provided a basic
synopsis of the
strategic plan

Executive summary
provided an excellent
synopsis of the
strategic plan

Met HP criteria plus
displayed an
engaging style that
indicates a powerful
opening that will grab
the audience

2. Plan Outline

Weight: 30%

Missing, incomplete,
or unrealistic
explanation of the
strategic plan

Strategic plan was
outlined, but lacked
substantive rationale
for key choices and
actions

Strategic plan was
outlined; included
basic rationale and
information on key
choices and actions

Strategic plan
included a clear and
well-reasoned
rationale; included
key information on
strategic choices and
actions

Strategic plan is
justified by keen
insight into market
dynamics and
competitors’
strengths, and
provided a viable
solution for both
near-term and long-
term growth

3. Financials

Weight: 20%

Performed no
financial calculations
or made substantive
errors

Financial models
and calculations
included minor errors
or assumptions
which did not
materially impact the
strategic plan

Correctly performed
all basic financial
calculation and
modeling

Met Pass criteria plus
included detailed
calculations that
correctly and
accurately
summarized the
financial health of the
organization

Met HP criteria plus
included
comprehensive
forward-looking
calculations of
payback relative to
IRR and other key
performance metrics

4. Competitive
Advantage

Weight: 15%

Did not identify
impact on
competitive strength
or presented
assertions not
supported by data

Identified potential
impact of the
strategic plan move
on competitive
advantage, but did
not address
sustainability of
advantage

Identified potential
impact on
competitive
advantage and
provided basic
insights into the
ability of competitors
to match move(s)

Clearly explained the
sustainability of the
move(s) and why
competitors will not
easily be able to
match

Met HP criteria plus
offered additional
valuable insights into
evidence supporting
the sustainability and
superiority of the
strategic plan

5. Risk

Weight: 15%

Incomplete or
unclear synopsis of
any of the most
important strategic
risks

Risk analysis was
superficial,
demonstrating only a
basic understanding
of the threats to the
proposed strategic
plan

Risk analysis
demonstrated basic
understanding of
risks and the upside
opportunity relative to
that risk

Clearly explained
potential for risk, risk
impact on the
organization, and
plan for risk
mitigation

Met HP criteria plus
explained why
proposed plan is
superior to other risk-
reward options

6. Summary

Weight: 10%

Missing, incomplete,
or unclear summary

Summary was vague
and/or failed to
connect key
elements of the plan

Summary provided a
basic recap of
connection of key
elements of the plan

Summary recapped
key elements and
drew the Board Brief
to a clear and
concise close

Met HP criteria plus
presented an
inspiring and
compelling call to
action that this is the
plan that will take the
organization forward

**## JWI599BusinessAnalyticsandCapstoneBoardBriefChecklist.pdf**

599 – Board Brief Checklist Page 1 of 3

JWI 599: Business Analytics and Capstone

Board Brief Checklist

© Strayer University. All Rights Reserved. This document contains Strayer University confidential and proprietary information and
may not be copied, further distributed, or otherwise disclosed, in whole or in part, without the expressed written permission of
Strayer University.

Use this checklist as a guide when you are working on each of the first three assignments for your
Capstone Project. It will serve as a reminder of the key content areas and the qualities of a well-written
Board Brief. Note that the components listed below are not a direct match for each topic in your
assignments. That is not its purpose. While the elements of an effective Board Brief are fairly consistent,
the sequence and specific content will vary somewhat depending on circumstances.

Board Brief Component Key Features

Executive Summary

Include a clear executive summary (AKA
“elevator pitch”) for your brief. A good summary
will help focus your audience’s attention.

Remember, you are telling a business story not
crafting a piece of literature. Your goal is not to
let the story just unfold as it goes. Tell your
audience right from the beginning where the brief
is going and what actions you are proposing.

Note: An Executive Summary is best written after
the brief is fully developed in order to capture the
most significant findings, recommendations and
conclusions.

 Capture the big idea of what you want to say

 Frame the problem/opportunity

 State your vision for the organization and the

context for your plan

 Outline a high-level snapshot of how your
proposed changes will increase the
organization’s competitive strength

 If there is an “ask” (such as a vote at the next
meeting), make note of that in the executive
summary so that Board members know why
they are reading the brief

Data

When presenting complex information to a non-
technical audience, you must Identify key data
relative to the problem or opportunity. Don’t
overwhelm your readers by providing page after
page of numbers. This may be needed for other
types of reports, but not for a Board Brief.

Use good judgment in highlighting the most
critical data in the main body of the brief. If there
are additional data sets that include important
information, but are likely to only be reviewed by
a few people with specialized knowledge, include
these in an appendix (or even in a separate
document).

 Recap of the data you have gathered and
analyzed

 Document the sources of the data

 Summarize and communicate the data in a
clear and meaningful way; show how the
data support your position

 Make good use of visuals to illustrate your
findings

 Identify areas where data may be missing or
incomplete; explain the impact of missing
data on your analysis – remember, you will
never have complete data and that’s okay,

599 – Board Brief Checklist Page 2 of 3

JWI 599: Business Analytics and Capstone

Board Brief Checklist

© Strayer University. All Rights Reserved. This document contains Strayer University confidential and proprietary information and
may not be copied, further distributed, or otherwise disclosed, in whole or in part, without the expressed written permission of
Strayer University.

The data that are most important will, of course,
vary depending on the specific focus of the brief,
but should include qualitative and quantitative
data on your organization, competitors and the
marketplace to support the strategy you are
proposing.

It is critical that you make good use of charts,
tables and other visual supports to display your
data. This will help your audience to more easily
understand the patterns, trends and anomalies in
the data.

but you need to convince the Board that the
data you do have are sufficient to make an
informed decision

Implementation Plan

Craft a clear map of what will happen and when.
This should include actionable steps that identify
and align objectives, actions and milestones.

Use good judgement in determining the level of
detail to provide. Your Board will not need to
know specific personnel decisions in every
department or the exact specifications of a new
piece of equipment you will be purchasing. They
need to see a “big picture” overview of how you
will turn your plan into a reality.

Note: It is likely that Board members will come
back to you with additional questions on certain
areas of the plan. That’s okay. As you continue
to work with your Board, you will learn where
different members want to dig deeper, and your
board briefs will evolve to address those needs.

 Identify key goals and the actionable steps to
achieve your desired outcomes

 Include key milestones

 Include a (proposed) timeline for each
milestone

 Identify personnel or organizational changes
necessary to accomplish the plan

 If additional training will be required, include
a high-level overview of how the training will
be delivered

 Identify changes in infrastructure, facilities
and major equipment purchases – Note: do
not include the financials for these in your
implementation overview; address these in
your financials section

Financials

Your initiative is not going to get approved unless
you can demonstrate a positive return on
investment. In preparing for your Board
Presentation, you must address key financial
questions for Board such as projected revenue,
fixed and variable costs and ROI.

 How much will it cost to implement your
plan?

 How will you secure the necessary funds?

 When will this initiative pay for itself and start
making money?

599 – Board Brief Checklist Page 3 of 3

JWI 599: Business Analytics and Capstone

Board Brief Checklist

© Strayer University. All Rights Reserved. This document contains Strayer University confidential and proprietary information and
may not be copied, further distributed, or otherwise disclosed, in whole or in part, without the expressed written permission of
Strayer University.

Additionally, you should share data related to
why your plan is the best use of the financial
resources of your organization.

Use the budgeting tools you have learned about
including NPV, IRR, Break-Even and Payback to
help you communicate a clear financial picture to
your Board.

 How much profit will the company earn when
you successfully execute the plan?

Competitive Advantage

Your Board will expect a clear explanation of
what your plan will accomplish to strengthen the
“economic moat” surrounding your business.

Keep your synopsis at a high level and make
sure you demonstrate how your strategy clearly
aligns with the mission of the organization.

 How will this initiative put your company
ahead of the competition?

 How will it create a long-term sustainable
competitive advantage?

 What will keep your competitors from just
copying your moves?

Risk Mitigation

A Board presentation from the CEO can’t be all
about the good with none of the bad. Yes, you
want to convince the Board that your idea is the
right one and you are the one who can make it
happen, but you also have a responsibility to
educate the Board about the risks relative to the
rewards and the steps you will take to manage
those risks. This includes threats from outside
the organization such as what competitors can
do to keep you from achieving market leadership
or forces that are impacting the larger economy.

 Summarize the risks (from inside and outside

forces) that could undermine the success of
you plan

 Explain to the Board how these risks have
been assessed and how your plan offers the
right balance of risk and reward

Summary or Wrap-Up

Keep it short and sweet, but pull the pieces
together. Bringing everything back to the
Mission is a good way to end a Board Brief.

 Include a “call to action” – this is usually a
reminder of the request for approval being
sought at the upcoming meeting

– 1
– 2

November 5, 2026
[Solved] powerpoint busniess

✓ Verified Academic Solution Available

Executive Solution Overview

In-depth study guidance and analytical solution covering powerpoint busniess.

Instant Solution Download
$6.99

Immediate access to the full model answer, formatted citations, and rubric breakdown.

Need a Fresh Custom Paper?

Have this question answered from scratch according to your specific instructions and deadline.
Order on TutorsGallery →

Assignment Prompt & Instructions

Full assignment prompt and step-by-step guidance are included in the downloadable solution file.

November 5, 2026
[Solved] TQM Implementation Challenges

✓ Verified Academic Solution Available

Executive Solution Overview

## We have discussed many of the tools and processes that are a part of TQM; however, there are additional challenges in implementing TQM in a health care setting. – Describe two of the more significant challenges that the director of a major hospital must address in trying to launch a TQM initiativ…

Instant Solution Download
$6.99

Immediate access to the full model answer, formatted citations, and rubric breakdown.

Need a Fresh Custom Paper?

Have this question answered from scratch according to your specific instructions and deadline.
Order on TutorsGallery →

Assignment Prompt & Instructions

## We have discussed many of the tools and processes that are a part of TQM; however, there are additional challenges in implementing TQM in a health care setting.
– Describe two of the more significant challenges that the director of a major hospital must address in trying to launch a TQM initiative.
Be sure to respond to at least one of your classmates' posts. Cite any resources used.

November 5, 2026