Nursing Theory Essays and Paper Assignments

Nursing Theory Essays and Paper Assignments

Nursing theory is like a road map

Recognize what is familiar

How to response in situation

Confidence o try something different

Anticipate what will happen

Components of a theory

Phenomenon- aspect of reality that can be conscious sensed

Empirical – experience through senses

Abstract – not observable (ex, hope)

Concept – idea that are important to discipline

Definition – convey meaning of concepts

Assumption – can describe concepts or connect concepts, help to describe values, beliefs, goals

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Theory In Action

Define and enrich practice

Give focus on important/ essential to care

Create knowledge that is unique to nursing

Role of nursing theory

Explain, describe, predicts, prescribes care

Theory will

Assessment, planning implantation of care

More research about practice with theory

Look at client that is unique to that theory and then choose a theory to help guide treatment

Informs practice

Tanners clinical judgment

What Is Meant By A Theoretical Perspective

Gottlieb – image of a compass

Like an internal compass for a nurse to use to guide his or her practice

Nurses cannot practice without a theoretical perspective

In absence of a well explained theory of nursing that nurses will create their own perspective or adopt dominant model in practice (usually medical model)

Theory makes clear what is valued by profession (ex, wholeness, family centered care, etc.)

Nursing theoretical orientation is result of selecting different bodies of knowledge that accurately affect values

Types of Theories

Systems

Developmental

Interactive

 

Grand Theory

Middle Range theory

Descriptive theory

Prescriptive theory

The Nursing Metaparadigm

Substantive work that was done in the 50’s

Metaparadigm = model intended to define a very broad world of through (general)

Meta = that which is behind (supports our thinking)

Paradigm = theoretical framework

Linked science, philosophy and theory and apply to profession

In every nursing theory you can find definitions of these concepts from that theorists perspective

Four concepts (what they all have in common) (important concepts)

Person

Health

Environment

Nursing

 

Person

Defined as individual with whom the nurse in interacting in a therapeutic manner

Person may include more then one (families communities, populations)

Can be referred to as patient or client but not in all setting

Recipient of nursing care

Unique and should be treated as such

Subject is not just an object of professional care

People we interact with are much more then the person who receives our care

 

Health

Focus of care

Typically s defined as optimal level of ones potential in relating to environment

Wellness- someone who has diagnosis of disease can also experience wellness

Health is metaconcepts is a large and general concept

Doesn’t deal with health in a strictly clinical way

Not an absolute concepts

Need to open mind to what the word health actually means

Many factors that contribute to individuals perception of health

 

Environment

Where therapeutic interaction occurs

Not only external environment but also inner thoughts and feelings and relationships with others that influences health

Many factors that can influence environment

Body, mind, health, social

Includes culture, faith, attitude

 

Nursing

Assessment and planning intervention and evaluation

Not only responsible for physical care but also involved in relationship with client

Incorporate all aspect of person when developing care plan

What are its purpose and goals

Compassion

Ethics

Beyond task – more then what we do but how we choose to be with person

 

Watson’s Theory of Caring

Body, Mind, Spirit

 

Jean Watson

“maybe this one moment, with this one person, is the very reason we’re here on earth at this time”

Theory of Human Caring

Caring is a global ontology of relation

Evolving ontology (way of being)

Take commitment and intentionality and conscious awareness

Take nursing away from doing to being

Nursing is more then ‘just a job’

Caring is important to the client and the nurse

More important to client then nurse but should be important to all of us

Major concepts

Transpersonal caring relationship

Focus is on relationship between nurse and person

The caring occasion/caring moment

Carative factors

Watson Metaparadigm concepts

Person

Mindbodyspirit = embodied spirit

Unity of m,b,s

Unique individuals that have bio, phis, and social interpersonal need

Support and care for person

Highly value person

 

Environment

Internal and external aspects

Healing space

Energy in environment

Field of vibration where person is

Nurse is the environment

Need for environment to be conducive to healing

Expands environment to whole planet

Aim for nursing is to create healing places/space for clients

 

Health

Harmony and unity within the mindbodyspirit

One can have health despite disease

Function mental, physical, social, spiritual, to full capacity

Looks for degree of congruent that happen between perceiving and experiencing

Good alimenting between self as perceived and lf as experienced

How we think of ourselves and perceive our self is also how we experience our self, not aligned = not healthy

 

Nursing

Occurs in human to human transpersonal caring

Promotes harmony in mindbodyspirit

Nurse experiences positive from person receiving care

Bond between 2 individuals in nursing

Provide thoughtful interactions to promote holistic health

 

Transpersonal Caring Relationship

Moral commitment

Protect and enhance patient dignity

Caring consciousness

Perceive and honor spirit of person

Nurse believe in and stay in others frame of reference (unknowing)

Respectful of believe system of others

Potential for healing

SBC

 

Caring Moment/ Caring Occasion

Human to human interaction

Occurs when nurse and other come together an causes phenomenal interaction

Each feels connection

Both are changed

Involves action and choice

Negative thoughts lead to mental detrition

Positive is light and soothing and healing

 

Intentionality

Believes nurse can choose his or her thoughts and by choosing you determine the effects you will have on others

Prior to encounter with human that you have to pause to put yourself in that space to create healing space, needs to be intentional

Power of intent is important as conventional treatments

Barriers to Nursing Theory Development

Nurses like to consider themselves as doers more then thinkers

Theory demands some detached thinking

Hard to connect to abstract thinking

Come from within profession

People want to help and assist but don’t have values of thinking on metaphysical issues

Nurses hold more theory in their heads then they realize

There is a lot of stress on doing, lots of pressure to get tasks done, makes it hard to appreciate amount thinking gone into doing

Can sometime be reduced to application of medical techniques without appreciation for medical thinking application

Knowledge based profession – need to be backed up by theory

Can train monkey to do IV but cant train him to understand why you do IV and what are the risks and what is the treatment plan etc. Nursing Theory Essays and Paper Assignments

Activity: Johnson

person, health nursing and environment

person – biological system – medicine focus and behavioural system nusng focus

biophysical being who is a behavioral system with 7 subsystems of behaviors

health – believes individual is attempting to maintain some balance or equilibrium

efficient and effective functioning of system; behavioral system balance and stability

nursing – primary goal is to foster equilibrium with the individual which allows for the practice with individuals at any point in the health – illness continuum

external regulatory force that acts to preserve the organization and integrity of the patients behavior at an optimal level under those conditions in which the behavior constitute a threat to physical or social health or I which illness is found

environment – relates to the environment in which the individual exists and

influenced by all events in the environment

Nursing Theory Essays and Paper Assignments